Prolactin Levels

What Are Prolactin Levels?

Prolactin is a hormone that is released by the pituitary gland, located at the base of the brain. It is responsible for a number of important functions in the body, such as regulating the menstrual cycle and milk production in women who are breastfeeding.

Preparation for Prolactin Level Test

In order to get an accurate reading, there are certain steps to take before getting a prolactin level test. For 24 hours prior to the test, abstain from strenuous physical activity, caffeine, and alcohol, and avoid smoking for 1-2 hours prior. Additionally, make sure you are well rested when you take the test.

How to Test for Prolactin Levels

If your doctor orders a prolactin level test, they will draw blood from a vein in your arm. The amount of blood needed will vary, but it usually only a small sample. The lab technician will process the sample and measure the level of prolactin.

Types of Prolactin Tests

The most common test is called a random serum prolactin test, but there are other types of tests available as well. These include a fasting prolactin test, in which the person fasts for a specific period of time before the test; aclonidine stimulation prolactin test, which involves injecting a hormone called clonidine; and the TRH (thyrotropin-releasing hormone) test.

Risks and Complications

Taking a prolactin level test is generally considered to be low risk. However, it is possible to experience slight pain, swelling, or bruising at the site of the injection. In rare cases, a person may experience dizziness and headaches.

Why Do Prolactin Level Tests?

Prolactin level tests are typically ordered to help diagnose the cause of infertility or unexplained breast milk production. It can also help diagnose pituitary tumor, infections, or certain medications.

When to Test Your Prolactin Level

Your doctor may recommend a prolactin level test if you are experiencing any of the following symptoms: disrupted menstrual cycle, unexplained lactation, infertility, headaches, vision problems, and fatigue. If you are on certain medications, your doctor may also perform a test to monitor your prolactin levels.