Jacksonian epilepsy
What is Jacksonian Epilepsy?
Jacksonian epilepsy is a form of partial complex seizure, also known as a focal motor seizure, characterized by rhythmic jerking movements that spread from a specific point on the body. It is named after British researcher John Hughlings Jackson, who first described the disorder’s characteristics in the late 1800s. Jacksonian epilepsy is a benign, mild form of epilepsy that does not require medical intervention unless it becomes too frequent or intense.
Signs and Symptoms
People with Jacksonian epilepsy experience a seizure that begins with jerking movements in one part of the body. These jerking movements typically move from the affected body part outward, and can cause a tingling, numbness, or other feeling in the affected area. Seizures that last for more than a few minutes rarely occur with Jacksonian epilepsy. Common symptoms of Jacksonian epilepsy may include:
- Twitches
- A brief loss of consciousness
- Loss of muscle control
- Vertigo
- Hallucinations
Causes
In most cases, the exact cause of Jacksonian epilepsy is unknown. It is thought to be the result of altered nerve signals in the brain. Possible causes may include:
- Head injury
- Brain tumors
- Stroke
- Infections of the brain or spine
- Use of certain medications
Diagnosis
In order to diagnose Jacksonian epilepsy, doctors will likely request an electroencephalogram (EEG) to measure brain waves. This will help to detect any abnormal nerve signals. Additionally, doctors will likely order a brain imaging scan, such as an MRI, to look for any underlying causes of the seizures. In some cases, a doctor may request a lumbar puncture (spinal tap) to test the patient’s cerebrospinal fluid.
Treatment
In most cases, Jacksonian seizures are mild and do not require treatment. However, if the seizures occur frequently or are severe, the doctor may prescribe antiepileptic medications to control them. These medications work by changing the levels of certain chemicals in the brain. Additionally, lifestyle changes may be helpful, such as avoiding alcohol and drugs, getting plenty of rest, and maintaining a healthy diet.