Earache
What is Earache?
Earache, also known as otalgia, is the sensation of pain in the ear and can be caused by a wide variety of health conditions. Pain can be acute, where it comes on suddenly and lasts a short time, or it can be chronic, where it persists over a long period of time.
Earache can be localized to one ear, or it can affect both ears simultaneously. It can also be accompanied by other symptoms like fever, swelling, or ear drainage. Often, the pain is accompanied by a feeling of fullness in the ear or a muffled sound.
Causes of Earache
- Infections such as colds, sinusitis, or influenza
- Infections in the outer, middle, or inner ear such as swimmer's ear
- Otitis media (middle ear infection)
- Eustachian tube blockage
- Foreign objects in the ear canal
- Allergies
- Tooth infections or jaw problems
- Trauma to the ear, such as a sudden change in pressure when diving under water
- Noise- or age-related hearing loss
- TMJ (temporomandibular joint) disorder
Treatment for Earache
Treatment for earache depends on the underlying cause. In many cases, the condition will resolve on its own with proper rest and hydration. OTC pain medications such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen can be taken to relieve any discomfort.
If an ear infection is suspected, further treatment may be necessary. Antibiotics, steroid medications, or prescription ear drops may be prescribed by a doctor in order to treat the condition.
Precautions and Prevention
In many cases, such as when dealing with an infection, proper hygiene will help to prevent the spread of bacteria. Washing the hands often, avoiding sharing personal items, and avoiding being around sick people can help reduce the risk of developing an infection.
Additionally, learning how and when to properly use earplugs and over-the-counter ear drops to prevent water from entering the ear can help prevent infections caused by bacteria or fungi.
If a foreign object is suspected of being lodged in the ear, it should not be removed by hand or with a cotton swab. Medical attention should be sought immediately as attempting to remove the object yourself can cause further damage.