Dermographism
Dermographism: An Overview
Dermographism is a common skin disorder that is otherwise known as dermatographic urticaria—a condition in which the skin becomes inflamed and appears red and raised after a slight scratch or pressure is applied. It is generally considered a form of physical urticaria, which is an allergic reaction of the skin that creates hives and itching after exposure to certain physical stimuli. It is estimated that millions of people around the world are suffering from dermographism.
Understanding Dermographism
Dermographism is an allergic skin reaction that occurs when a person’s skin is scratched or rubbed. When this occurs, the skin can become itchy and red and a raised welt may form. The welt usually subsides within a few minutes and does not cause any lasting damage to the skin.
Dermographism can be triggered by a variety of different things, including warm temperatures, exercise, or even a tight t-shirt. The raised welts usually form in the area of the scratch or rub marks, although they can also appear in other places.
What Causes Dermographism?
Although the exact cause of dermographism is unknown, it is most likely caused by an allergic reaction to certain stimulants (such as a scratch or pressure). It is believed that some people have a sensitivity to certain substances, and when something triggers this sensitivity, it can lead to an allergic reaction. Additionally, certain medications and emotional stress can also trigger dermographism.
Symptoms of Dermographism
The primary symptom of dermographism is the formation of hives or raised welt-like patches on the skin. These patches typically appear within minutes after the skin is scratched or rubbed. Other symptoms may include:
- Itching and burning sensation
- Redness and swelling of the skin
- Pain in the area of affected skin
- Tenderness around the affected area
Treatment for Dermographism
Although dermographism is not a serious condition, it can be bothersome and uncomfortable. Treatment typically involves avoiding any stimulants that might trigger an allergic reaction (such as scratch marks) and using topical corticosteroids and antihistamines to reduce itching and inflammation.
Some people may find relief from taking antihistamines prior to any activity that may cause triggering of the condition, such as exercising or wearing tight clothes. In severe cases, immunosuppressive medications may be prescribed to reduce the severity of the reaction.