Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Infection
What Is Cytomegalovirus Infection?
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a common infection caused by the herpes virus that can be spread through contact with infected saliva or urine, or through breast milk. It affects the liver, spleen, lungs, eyes, and other organs. Most people in the United States are infected with CMV by the age of 40. However, most people don’t have any symptoms and never know they have it.
What Are the Symptoms of CMV Infection?
Most people don’t experience any symptoms from CMV infection, and they remain healthy. But in some cases, CMV can cause severe illness such as:
- Fever
- Fatigue
- Muscle aches
- Headache
- Sore throat
- Swollen glands
- Rash
CMV can also cause serious complications like pneumonia or encephalitis (swelling of the brain). People with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV or AIDS, may be more likely to have more severe symptoms and complications.
What Are the Treatments for CMV?
Most people don’t need treatment for CMV if they don’t have any symptoms. But if you do have symptoms, your doctor may recommend antiviral medications to reduce the severity of the infection. In some cases, people with weakened immune systems may need to take medication daily to prevent the virus from causing serious complications.
How Can I Prevent CMV Infection?
The best way to prevent CMV infection is to practice good hygiene. Wash your hands often with soap and water, and avoid contact with saliva or urine from someone who might be infected with CMV. If you are pregnant, talk to your doctor about any potential risks to your unborn baby.