Clostridium Difficile-Associated Diarrhea (CDAD)
What is Clostridium Difficile-Associated Diarrhea (CDAD)?
Clostridium Difficile-Associated Diarrhea (CDAD) is a condition of the colon or large intestine caused by the bacteria Clostridium Difficile. It can cause diarrhea and other gastrointestinal symptoms to those who are infected with it. The bacteria is present in the intestines of some people, but will become an infection when the balance of bacteria in the intestines is upset. It is more common in vulnerable populations such as elderly people, those receiving antibiotics, and people who are immunocompromised.
What are the Symptoms of CDAD?
The most common symptom of CDAD is diarrhea. It can range from mild to severe, and is often accompanied by fever, abdominal pain, and loss of appetite. In some cases, the symptoms can be life-threatening if not treated promptly.
What are the Risk Factors for CDAD?
The most common risk factor for CDAD is the use of antibiotics. Taking antibiotics can disrupt the balance of bacteria in the intestines, allowing C. difficile to overgrow and become an infection. Other risk factors include:
- Being elderly
- Having a weakened immune system
- Being hospitalized
- Having a history of gastrointestinal illness or surgery
How is CDAD Treated?
CDAD can usually be treated with medications such as metronidazole or vancomycin. In some cases, doctors may also recommend probiotics to help restore the balance of good bacteria in the intestines. It is important to finish the entire course of antibiotics (even if you are feeling better) and to follow the doctor's instructions about diet and hygiene to ensure full recovery from the infection.
How Can CDAD be Prevented?
The best way to prevent CDAD is to practice good hygiene and to avoid taking antibiotics unless absolutely necessary. If antibiotics are prescribed, it is important to take them as directed and to finish the entire course. Be sure to wash your hands regularly to keep germs from spreading. Vaccines may also be available in some countries that help protect against C. difficile infection.