Acid Reflux
What is Acid Reflux?
Acid Reflux, or gastroesophageal reflux (GER), is a medical condition that occurs when stomach acid and partially digested food is pushed back up into the esophagus, causing a burning sensation in the chest. The primary symptom is heartburn, which is a burning sensation in the chest or abdomen that feels like a byproduct of acid coming up into the esophagus. Other symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, a hoarse voice, or a sour, acidic taste in the mouth.
What Causes Acid Reflux?
Acid reflux occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), a valve located at the bottom of the esophagus, becomes weakened or damaged. When this happens, it allows stomach acid and food particles to travel back up into the esophagus, resulting in the uncomfortable burning sensation and other symptoms.
Risk Factors For Acid Reflux
Some factors that increase the likelihood of experiencing acid reflux are:
- Obesity
- Pregnancy
- Smoking
- Overindulging in alcohol
- Eating large meals
- Taking certain medications
- Eating certain foods (e.g. fried or fatty foods)
How to Treat Acid Reflux
In order to treat acid reflux, the LES needs to be strengthened or repaired. This can be accomplished with lifestyle changes or, in certain cases, medications. Common lifestyle changes that may help treat acid reflux include:
- Eating multiple smaller meals throughout the day (instead of three large meals)
- Maintaining a healthy weight
- Avoiding certain trigger foods (e.g. fried or spicy foods)
- Elevating the head of the bed 8 to 10 inches
- Avoiding lying down for 3 hours after eating
- Quitting smoking
- Limiting alcohol
In severe cases, medications may be prescribed to help strengthen or repair the weakened LES. These medications can include proton pump inhibitors or H2 blockers. It is important to discuss any medications with a doctor prior to taking them, as they can have side effects and may interact with other medications.