Vitamin B12 level
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Levels: Everything You Need to Know
Vitamin B12, or cobalamin, is an essential nutrient required for the maintenance of healthy nerve cells, red blood cells, and DNA production. It helps in the metabolism of every cell of the body. Low levels of vitamin B12 are associated with increased fatigue, decreased memory capacity, and depression.
Preparation
A healthcare provider will usually order a vitamin B12 test if a person experiences symptoms that may indicate a vitamin B12 deficiency. These tests are usually performed alongside tests for folic acid and red blood cell folate levels to formulate a proper diagnosis.
Procedure
The vitamin B12 test is typically ordered as part of a complete blood count (CBC). A sample of blood will be taken from a vein in the arm and then sent to a lab for testing. The results from the lab will measure the amount of vitamin B12 in the blood.
Types of Vitamin B12 Tests
The test can measure one of three different forms of vitamin B12. These forms include:
- Total vitamin B12: This tests measures the levels of both active and inactive forms of vitamin B12
- Methylmalonic acid: This test measures a substance in the blood that increases when vitamin B12 levels are low
- Holotranscobalamin: This test measures the amount of active B12 in the blood
Risks of Vitamin B12 Tests
A vitamin B12 test is a simple test that carries very few risks. The most common side effect is bruising or soreness at the spot where the needle was inserted.
When Is a Vitamin B12 Test Recommended?
A person may be deficient in vitamin B12 if they:
- Have anemia or other signs and symptoms of a B12 deficiency
- Have symptoms of pernicious anemia, which is an autoimmune disorder that affects the body’s ability to absorb B12
- Have certain conditions that affect dietary absorption, such as Crohn’s disease or celiac disease
- Take certain medications such as metformin (for diabetes) or proton pump inhibitors (for gastric acid reflux)
Why Is a Vitamin B12 Level Test Important?
A vitamin B12 test is important for two reasons. It can help identify a B12 deficiency, which can lead to anemia and other serious health problems. It can also help diagnose pernicious anemia and other conditions that can interfere with dietary absorption.
Normal Vitamin B12 Levels
Normal vitamin B12 levels are generally considered to be above 200 picograms per milliliter (pg/mL). However, this range can vary slightly depending on the laboratory that is performing the test.
Vitamin B12 Deficiency Treatment
Treatment of a vitamin B12 deficiency typically involves dietary changes. Eating a diet rich in foods high in vitamin B12, such as red meat, poultry, eggs, dairy products, and fortified cereals, may help. Supplementation of B12 is also a popular treatment.