Prostate biopsy

What Is A Prostate Biopsy?

A prostate biopsy is a procedure in which a small piece of tissue is taken from the prostate for testing, usually to diagnose prostate cancer or an infection. The tissue is tested in a laboratory to see if it contains cancer cells or other abnormalities. The biopsy is usually done using transrectal ultrasound (TRUS), which uses sound waves to take pictures of the prostate from inside the rectum.

Preparation

Before the biopsy, you will have tests such as a digital rectal exam (DRE) to check for lumps or anything unusual in the prostate. You will also have a blood test to check PSA levels. The doctor may also order an ultrasound of the prostate to help guide the biopsy.

Procedure

During the procedure, the doctor will insert a thin needle through the wall of the rectum to collect tissue samples from the prostate. The needle is attached to an ultrasound probe, which helps the doctor guide it to the right spot. The samples are then sent to a laboratory for testing.

Types of Prostate Biopsy

• Transrectal ultrasound-guided (TRUS) biopsy: The most common type. The doctor inserts a needle through the rectal wall to collect tissue samples.
• Transperineal biopsy: The doctor inserts a needle through the skin between the scrotum and the anus to collect tissue samples.
• Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP): This procedure is done in cases of prostate enlargement and involves removing a piece of prostate tissue through the urethra.
• Core needle biopsy: In this procedure, a large-diameter needle is used to collect tissue samples from the prostate.

Risks

The risks of a prostate biopsy include bleeding, infection, and blockage of the urinary tract. Blood in the urine or semen is also possible. In rare cases, the biopsy may cause the prostate to become inflamed and cause discomfort and pain.

Why Is A Prostate Biopsy Being Done?

A prostate biopsy is usually done to diagnose prostate cancer or an infection. Prostate cancer is the most common type of cancer in men, and it is important to get it diagnosed and treated as soon as possible if it is present. A biopsy is often ordered if the results of a digital rectal exam (DRE) or blood test (PSA) suggest that cancer may be present.

When Is a Prostate Biopsy Needed?

A prostate biopsy is usually ordered when a man has an elevated PSA level, if there is an abnormality found on a digital rectal exam (DRE), or if there is an abnormal area on an imaging test such as an ultrasound. It is important to get it done as soon as possible if any of these situations are present in order to diagnose and treat prostate cancer as quickly as possible.