Thyrotoxic crisis
What is a Thyrotoxic Crisis?
A thyrotoxic crisis, also known as a thyroid storm, is a life-threatening condition that results when there is an overabundance of thyroid hormones in the body. This often develops in people who have an overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism) and is an emergency medical condition that requires prompt treatment.
Symptoms of Thyrotoxic Crisis
In thyrotoxic crisis, symptoms are usually more severe than those of an overactive thyroid and can include:
- High fever and sweating
- Rapid heartbeat and pounding pulse
- Anxiety, restlessness, and irritability
- Nausea and vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Headache
- Vision changes
- Confusion and disorientation
- Fainting or collapse
Causes of Thyrotoxic Crisis
Thyrotoxic crisis can be triggered by a number of factors, including:
- Taking too much of a medication or supplement containing thyroid hormone
- A sudden onset of hyperthyroidism
- An infection such as the flu or bronchitis
- Surgery to treat an overactive thyroid
- Stopping or missing doses of anti-thyroid medications
- Radiation treatment for hyperthyroidism
Diagnosis and Treatment
Thyrotoxic crisis can be difficult to diagnose since the symptoms can be attributed to other medical conditions. To make a diagnosis, your doctor will perform a thorough physical exam and may order tests such as a complete blood count and thyroid tests, as well as an electrocardiogram (ECG).
Treating thyrotoxic crisis typically involves stabilizing the patient's condition and aggressively treating any underlying cause. Initial treatment may include intravenous fluids and medications to restore a normal heart rate and blood pressure. Antithyroid medications and steroids may also be used to reduce thyroxine levels. The patient may also need treatment for an infection or surgery to remove all or part of the thyroid gland.