Testosterone Deficiency
What is Testosterone Deficiency?
Testosterone deficiency is a medical condition that occurs when a man has a low level of the hormone testosterone. Testosterone is the principal male sex hormone and an anabolic steroid. Sexual performance, reproductive health, bone density, muscle mass, red blood cell production, and energy levels are some of the many roles testosterone plays in male health. Low testosterone levels have been linked to a range of medical conditions including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, depression, and male pattern baldness.
Causes of Testosterone Deficiency
Testosterone deficiency can be due to a variety of reasons. Below are some of the causes:
- Aging: Testosterone levels normally decrease with age.
- Certain medications: Medications such as steroids, opioid pain relievers, and some antidepressants can reduce testosterone levels.
- Chronic conditions: Chronic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and chronic kidney disease are associated with lower testosterone levels.
- Injury or infection: Injury or infection of the testicles or pituitary gland can reduce testosterone levels.
- Testicular cancer: Testicular cancer is associated with decreased testosterone levels.
- Hormonal imbalances: Hormonal imbalances such as hypopituitarism can cause testosterone deficiency.
Signs and Symptoms of Testosterone Deficiency
The signs and symptoms of testosterone deficiency vary from person to person. Some common symptoms include:
- Decreased libido
- Lower sperm count
- Erectile dysfunction
- Fatigue
- Depression
- Decreased bone density
- Decreased muscle mass
- Mood changes
- Hot flashes
Diagnosis
Testosterone deficiency is usually diagnosed with a blood test. The test measures the level of total testosterone in the blood. A diagnosis of testosterone deficiency is made when the levels are below the normal range. In addition to testosterone levels, the doctor may also test for other hormones that play a role in the production of testosterone.
Treatment
Testosterone deficiency can be treated with testosterone replacement therapy. Testosterone replacement therapy involves injecting a synthetic form of testosterone into the body or using a topical gel or patch to deliver the drug. Side effects of testosterone replacement therapy include decreased testicle size, increased red blood cell count, acne, and an increased risk of blood clots. However, testosterone replacement therapy can improve symptoms of testosterone deficiency, such as fatigue and libido.
Conclusion
Testosterone deficiency is a medical condition that occurs when a man has a low level of the hormone testosterone. Testosterone is responsible for many roles in male health, including sexual performance, reproductive health, bone density, muscle mass, red blood cell production, and energy levels. Testosterone deficiency can be due to a variety of reasons including aging, certain medications, chronic conditions, injury or infection, and hormonal imbalances. The signs and symptoms of testosterone deficiency vary from person to person. Testosterone deficiency is usually diagnosed with a blood test, and treatment involves testosterone replacement therapy. Speak with your doctor if you think you may be experiencing the signs and symptoms of testosterone deficiency.