Stomatitis
What is Stomatitis?
Stomatitis is an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the mouth and lips. It is characterized by skin lesions, such as sores, blisters, and ulcers, and is usually accompanied by pain and discomfort. Stomatitis is generally caused by an infection or an allergic reaction. It can also be caused by certain medications, radiation treatments, or radiation therapy.
What are the Symptoms of Stomatitis?
The symptoms of stomatitis vary depending on the cause, but typically include:
- Painful or burning mouth and lips
- Redness and swelling of the mouth or lips
- Crusting and white patches on the lining of the mouth
- Sores, blisters, or ulcers on the mouth or lips
- Difficulty eating and drinking
- Fever and chills
What Causes Stomatitis?
Stomatitis can be caused by a variety of factors, such as:
- Viral infections, such as herpes simplex virus, varicella-zoster virus, or HIV/AIDS
- Bacterial infections, such as syphilis, gonorrhea, or tuberculosis
- Fungal infections, such as candida albicans
- Allergic reactions to medications or foods
- Radiation therapy or other treatments that lower saliva production
- Tobacco use
- Treatment with certain drugs, such as those used to treat cancer and psychiatric conditions
How is Stomatitis Diagnosed and Treated?
Stomatitis is typically diagnosed through a physical exam, as well as laboratory tests to identify the cause of the condition. Treatment depends on the underlying cause, but may include topical medications, such as corticosteroids, or oral medications, such as antibiotics.
If the cause of the stomatitis is an underlying infection, such as a virus or bacteria, treatment may also involve antiviral or antibacterial medications. Additionally, if an allergen is causing the stomatitis, it’s important to avoid contact with the allergen or take medications to reduce symptoms.