Steroid Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome

Steroid Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome

Steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) is a rare medical condition where a combination of medications used to treat the symptoms of nephrotic syndrome fail to have any significant effect. Nephrotic syndrome is a group of conditions where the kidneys become damaged, leading to the release of too much protein into the urine. Steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome occurs when treatments such as corticosteroids, ACE inhibitors and immunosuppressants do not effectively reduce proteinuria.

The exact cause of steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome is not known. However, some factors are known to increase the risk of developing this condition, such as genetic factors, infections, and certain medical conditions. The diagnosis of steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome is made based on a combination of medical history, physical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging studies.

The treatment of steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome requires an individualized approach that includes both medical and lifestyle management strategies. Medications used to treat steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome include diuretics, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, and immunosuppressants. In addition, lifestyle management strategies such as dietary modifications, regular exercise, and adequate sleep may be recommended.

Signs and Symptoms

The signs and symptoms of steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome vary depending on the severity and underlying cause of the condition. Common signs and symptoms comprise:

• Foamy, bubbly urine
• Swelling of the face, ankles, feet, or abdomen
• High blood pressure
• Itchy skin
• Fatigue
• Weight gain
• Shortness of breath
• Loss of appetite

Complications

Complications of steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome include:

• Kidney failure
• Heart disease
• Blood clot
• Hyperkalemia (high potassium levels)
• Fluid buildup in the lungs
• High blood pressure