Staphylococcus Aureus Bloodstream Infections (BSI; Bacteremia)

Staphylococcus Aureus Bloodstream Infection (BSI; Bacteremia)

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a type of bacteria that is commonly found on the skin and in the nose of healthy people. While it is usually harmless, it can cause serious infections, such as bloodstream infections (BSI; bacteremia).

Bloodstream infections are serious illnesses caused by bacteria that have spread through the bloodstream and into other parts of the body, such as organs or bone marrow. BSI can be life-threatening, so it is important to recognize the signs and seek treatment early.

Signs & Symptoms

The signs and symptoms of S. aureus BSI depend on the type of infection and its severity. Common signs and symptoms include:

• Fever
• Chills
• Fatigue
• Confusion or dizziness
• Shortness of breath or chest pain
• Red, swollen, or painful skin
• Nausea or vomiting
• Diarrhea

Causes

S. aureus BSI is caused by bacteria entering the bloodstream. It is most common in people with compromised immune systems, such as those with HIV, cancer, or diabetes. BSI can also be caused by direct entry of the bacteria into the bloodstream, such as from an intravenous catheter or surgery.

Diagnosis & Treatment

BSI caused by S. aureus is diagnosed using blood tests to look for the bacteria and determine the type of infection. Treatment typically includes antibiotics, which can take up to four weeks to complete. More severe infections may require hospitalization and intravenous antibiotics.

It is important to finish all medications as prescribed by your doctor in order to fully treat the infection. Following treatment, it is important to have follow-up blood tests to ensure that the infection has been eliminated.