Serious allergic reactions
Serious Allergic Reactions
A serious allergic reaction, known as anaphylaxis, is a potentially life-threatening reaction to foreign substances that enter the body. Allergens, such as food, medications, and insect bites, are the most common triggers of anaphylaxis. Allergic reactions can range from mild to severe and require prompt medical attention. Prompt treatment can be lifesaving.
Signs and Symptoms of Serious Allergic Reactions
The signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis can vary from person to person and may include:
- Tightness in the throat or feeling like the throat is closing
- Difficulty swallowing
- Chest tightness or pain
- Nausea and/or vomiting
- A rapid heartbeat
- Terrible abdominal pain or cramps
- Hives or rash
- Swelling of the face, lips, and/or eyes
- Difficulty breathing
- Dizziness and/or lightheadedness
- A combination of the above symptoms that gets worse over time
Anaphylaxis typically develops over a period of minutes to hours and can be fatal if left untreated. Symptoms of anaphylaxis may come and go, but they will worsen with time. It is important to note that the severity of an allergic reaction can change from person to person.
Treatment of Serious Allergic Reactions
Treatment for anaphylaxis is immediate and can include epinephrine, antihistamines, corticosteroids, and oxygen. Epinephrine is the preferred treatment for anaphylaxis. It is most effective when administered early on in the reaction. If epinephrine is not available, other treatments such as antihistamines and corticosteroids may be used. Oxygen may also be given in cases where breathing is inhibited. Anaphylaxis is a medical emergency and medical help should be sought immediately.