Polyps

Polyps - What are they?

Polyps are abnormal growths that develop on the lining of the colon or rectum, and can be the cause of many health issues. Polyps usually do not cause any symptoms, but if left untreated they can become cancerous. The size, number, and microscopic characteristics of polyps will determine if they are malignant or benign.

It is important to have regular checkups since polyps can cause cancer if left undetected. By having an annual colonoscopy, doctors can detect visible polyps and remove them. By having polyps removed, this can help reduce the risk of developing colon cancer in the future.

Types of Polyps

There are a few different types of polyps that can be found in the colon:

Adenomatous Polyps - These are the most common type of Polyps and are benign (non-cancerous), however some may become cancerous. Most of these polyps are small and do not cause any symptoms.
Serrated Polyps - Also known as hyperplastic polyps, these are usually harmless and may vary in size. These polyps most likely will not cause symptoms.
Inflammatory Polyps - Also known as pseudopolyps, these polyps may form due to long-term inflammation of the colon. Usually, these polyps are harmless and can be safely removed during a colonoscopy.
Hamartomatous Polyps - These are rare and typically appear in young children. These polyps are benign but can develop into cancerous tumors. It’s important to monitor any of these polyps closely.

Preventing Polyps

Some simple lifestyle changes can be implemented to help reduce the risk of developing polyps:

Eat a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains.
Maintain a healthy weight.
Avoid processed, smoked, or charred foods.
Exercise regularly - at least 30 minutes of physical activity each day.
Avoid smoking and limit alcohol consumption.

Having regular check-ups can help detect polyps early and help reduce the risk of colon cancer. The American Cancer Society recommends getting screened for colorectal cancer starting at age 45. If you have a family history of cancer, talk to your doctor about getting checked earlier.