Otalgia

What is Otalgia?

Otalgia, also known as earache, is a condition that refers to pains or discomfort in one or both ears. It is usually described as a burning, sharp, or dull sensation. The condition can be caused by a variety of underlying issues such as foreign objects lodged in the ear, ear infections, or blockage from wax buildup.

Symptoms

The symptoms of otalgia will vary depending on the underlying cause. Common symptoms can include:

• Pain or discomfort in the ear
• Pain that worsens when the ear is touched
• Pain that spreads to the area around the ear
• Itching or a tickling sensation in the ear
• Drainage from the ear
• Hearing loss
• Ringing in the ear
• Vertigo

Causes

There are a number of potential causes of otalgia, such as:

• Ear infection – ear infections such as swimmer’s ear or an outer ear infection (otitis media) can be painful and cause inflammation and swelling.
• Allergies – allergic reactions to environmental factors such as pollen can cause inflammation and irritation in the ear canal which can be painful.
• Foreign object – small objects such as cotton swabs, bobby pins or beads may be lodged in the ear canal, causing discomfort or pain.
• Fungal infection – fungus such as candida can cause an infection in the ear canal, leading to inflammation and pain.
• Perforated eardrum – a hole in the eardrum can cause ear pain.
• Excess ear wax – too much wax in the ear canal can block sound and cause discomfort and pain.
• TMJ disorder – temporomandibular joint disorders can cause referred pain that is felt in the ear.

Treatment

The type of treatment for otalgia will depend on the underlying cause of the condition. Common treatments can include:

• Ear drops – ear drops may be used to soften and remove wax buildup.
• Antibiotics – antibiotics may be prescribed to treat bacterial infections in the ear canal.
• Antifungal medications – antifungal medications may be prescribed to treat fungal infections in the ear.
• Pain relievers – over the counter or prescription pain relievers may be used to reduce pain and inflammation in the ear.
• Surgery – surgery may be necessary to repair a perforated eardrum.