Moderate to Severe Asthma

What is Moderate to Severe Asthma?

Moderate to Severe Asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition of the airways that affects the lungs and makes breathing difficult, resulting in frequent asthma-related symptoms. Moderate to Severe Asthma is defined as either requiring more than two controllers (inhaled corticosteroids and long-acting beta2-agonists) at starting doses or having exacerbations that require urgent care. It requires long-term treatment with medications and lifestyle changes.

Symptoms of Moderate to Severe Asthma

Some common symptoms of moderate to severe asthma include:

• Frequent coughing, especially at night or early in the morning
• Wheezing, or a whistling noise when breathing
• Rapid breathing
• Tightness or pain in the chest
• Shortness of breath
• Fatigue

Causes of Moderate to Severe Asthma

The exact cause of moderate to severe asthma is not known, but there are several risk factors that can increase the chance of developing the condition, including:

• Allergies, especially allergic asthma
• Exposure to environmental pollutants
• Family history of asthma
• Stress and anxiety
• Smoking, or exposure to second-hand smoke
• Obesity or being overweight

Diagnosis of Moderate to Severe Asthma

If you believe you are experiencing moderate to severe asthma symptoms, you should speak to your healthcare provider. Your provider will do an evaluation to make a diagnosis, which may include:

• A physical exam, including a lung function test
• Blood tests
• Spirometry tests to measure how much air your lungs can hold
• Allergy testing
• Chest X-rays or CT scans

Treatment for Moderate to Severe Asthma

Treatment for moderate to severe asthma will depend on your specific condition and symptoms. The main goals of treatment are to control symptoms, reduce flares, and prevent an asthma attack. Treatment might include:

• Long-term control medications, such as inhaled corticosteroids
• Quick-relief medications, such as short-acting beta2-agonists
• Leukotriene modifiers
• Biologic medications, such as monoclonal antibodies
• Bronchial thermoplasty

You should also be sure to avoid triggers, practice good self-care, and get vaccinated for the flu and pneumonia. It is also important to take medications as prescribed and follow up with your healthcare provider to ensure your asthma is being managed properly.