Methanol Poisoning
Methanol poisoning is a condition induced by acute or chronic ingestion of methanol. Symptoms will vary depending on the timing, concentration, and amount of methanol ingested and include blindness, vomiting, fatigue, and death.
What is Methanol?
Methanol, also known as wood alcohol, is a colorless and very toxic liquid that has a distinctive and unpleasant taste. It is usually used as a base for paints and as a fuel for engines. Methanol is also used as a solvent in the pharmaceutical and chemical industries.
Signs and Symptoms of Methanol Poisoning
- Nausea and vomiting
- Headache
- Elevated body temperature
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal pain
- Aching muscles
- Blurred vision
- Difficulty focusing
- Lack of coordination
- Weakness
- Confusion
- Coma
- Death
Complications of Methanol Poisoning
Methanol poisoning can lead to a number of complications, including:
- Liver damage
- Brain damage
- Kidney damage
- Cardiac arrhythmias
- Respiratory failure or arrest
- Vision problems including blindness
Treatment for Methanol Poisoning
Treatment for methanol poisoning should be prompt in order to avoid serious complications or death. Treatment typically involves medications and possibly hemodialysis to remove the methanol from the system.
The medications used may include:
- Ethylene glycol (EG) antidote therapy.
- Vitamin B12.
- Fomepizole.
- Dialysis.
Prevention
Methanol poisoning can be prevented by avoiding exposure to methanol, using proper safety equipment when working with methanol, and only using methanol-containing products as recommended by the manufacturer.