Meningitis bacterial
What is Meningitis Bacterial?
Meningitis bacterial is an inflammation of the membranes (meninges) surrounding the brain and spinal cord caused by a bacterial infection. It is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition that can rapidly progress. It affects people of all ages, but young children are more at risk than any other age group.
Meningitis can be caused by a number of different bacteria, including Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae type b. The most common form of bacterial meningitis is caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae, also known as pneumococcus.
Symptoms of Bacterial Meningitis
The symptoms of bacterial meningitis can vary and may develop over several hours or a few days. Common symptoms include:
- Fever
- Headache
- Nausea and vomiting
- Stiff neck
- Confusion
- Sleepiness
- Seizures
- Sensitivity to light
Diagnosis and Treatment of Bacterial Meningitis
If someone has the symptoms of meningitis, they should seek medical attention immediately. Diagnosis is usually based on physical examination, including a detailed history and checking of vital signs such as temperature, blood pressure, and pulse. If bacterial meningitis is suspected, tests may be required such as a lumbar puncture (spinal tap) or a blood test.
Bacterial meningitis is typically treated with antibiotics. Treatment should be started as soon as possible and may need to be given intravenously in hospital. As it is a serious condition, anyone suspected of having meningitis should be seen by a doctor as soon as possible.
Preventing Bacterial Meningitis
There are two vaccines available which can help to prevent the most common strains of bacterial meningitis. One is the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine and the other is the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV). These vaccines are recommended by the World Health Organization for all children.
Good hygiene and health practices can also help to reduce the risk of bacterial meningitis. These include washing hands often, practising safe sex, avoiding contact with people who have the condition, and not sharing food or drink.