Malignant Neoplasm of Colon
Malignant Neoplasm of Colon: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment
Malignant neoplasm of the colon, also known as colorectal cancer, is an aggressive form of cancer that begins in the lining of the large intestine, rectum, or both. This type of cancer can be divided into stages ranging from 0 to IV, with higher numbers indicating more advanced cancer. It is the third most common type of cancer in both men and women, and is the second leading cancer-related cause of death in the United States.
What Causes Malignant Neoplasm of the Colon?
Although the exact cause of colorectal cancer is unknown, there are several risk factors that can increase one’s likelihood of developing it. These include:
- Age — people over the age of 50 have a higher risk.
- Personal history of colorectal polyps or colorectal cancer.
- Family history of colon cancer or polyps.
- Chronic inflammatory bowel disease (Crohn’s, ulcertative colitis).
- Lifestyle choices (heavy smoking, alcohol consumption, certain types of diets).
What Are The Symptoms?
Most people with colorectal cancer experience no symptoms in the early stages of the disease. However, over time, certain symptoms may become apparent. These can include:
- A change in bowel habits, such as diarrhea, constipation, or alternating between the two.
- Blood in the stool.
- Abdominal pain.
- Feeling that the bowel does not empty completely.
- Unintended weight loss.
- Weakness or fatigue.
- Anemia.
How Is Malignant Neoplasm of the Colon Treated?
Treatment for colorectal cancer typically involves surgery to remove the tumor, as well as chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy to kill any remaining cancer cells. In some cases, a combination of treatments may be recommended.
The outlook for colorectal cancer depends on the stage at which it is detected. Early detection is key to increasing the chances of survival. When caught early, many people are able to have successful treatment and make a full recovery.