Cluster Headache

Cluster Headache Overview

Cluster headaches, also known as "suicide headaches," are severe headaches that occur in cyclical patterns. The cause of these headaches is not known, though some research suggests that it may be related to abnormalities in the body's production of serotonin, which is a neurotransmitter responsible for regulation of sleep, mood, and appetite.

Cluster headache attacks generally last 15 minutes to 3 hours and can occur multiple times per day. The pain is usually felt on one side of the head and is severe enough to wake you from sleep. Symptoms may include:

• Excruciating pain in or around one eye
• Nasal congestion or runny nose
• Restlessness and agitation
• Lacrimation (excess tearing) in the affected eye
• Redness in the affected eye
• Drooping or swelling of the eyelid
• Swelling and tenderness of the forehead
• Headache that is worse when lying down

Cluster headache pain is usually so severe that many people find it difficult to work or function normally when they have an attack.

Treatment Options for Cluster Headaches

Treatment for cluster headaches typically involve a combination of medications and lifestyle changes. These may include:

• Preventive medications to reduce the frequency and severity of attacks (e.g., lithium, verapamil, topiramate, anticonvulsants)
• Immediate medications to abort the attacks (e.g., sumatriptan, zolmitriptan)
• Oxygen therapy
• Avoidance of triggers such as certain foods or alcohol
• Relaxation techniques and stress management

Conclusion

Cluster headaches are severe and disabling headaches that can be hard to live with. However, there are a number of treatments available that may help reduce the severity and frequency of the attacks. It is important to work with your doctor and come up with a treatment plan that works for you.