Type IIb hyperlipoproteinaemia
Type IIb Hyperlipoproteinaemia
Type IIb Hyperlipoproteinaemia (also known as Dysbetalipoproteinaemia) is a rare condition caused by the presence of abnormal forms of cholesterol. It is an inherited condition that affects the way cholesterol is removed from the body, resulting in the accumulation of large amounts of cholesterol in the bloodstream.
Individuals with this condition can have high levels of both “good” (HDL) and “bad” (LDL and VLDL) cholesterol. High levels of bad cholesterol can lead to an increased risk of developing atherosclerosis, which is the narrowing of the arteries due to plaque build-up. This narrowing can lead to a number of serious medical conditions such as stroke, heart attack, and coronary artery disease.
People with Type IIb Hyperlipoproteinaemia may be more likely to develop early or familial cardiac problems, as compared to the general population. It is estimated that this condition affects one in every million individuals.
Signs & Symptoms
In some cases, people with Type IIb Hyperlipoproteinaemia may not have any signs or symptoms. This is because the condition is a genetic disorder and individuals may develop the condition with no symptoms at all.
When symptoms do occur, they can include:
- High cholesterol
- High blood pressure
- Abnormal heart rhythm
- Chest pain
- Leg pain or cramps
- Narrowing of the arteries
Diagnosis
Type IIb Hyperlipoproteinaemia is typically diagnosed based on a physical exam and a review of the patient’s medical history. A doctor may also order a lipid panel, which is used to measure the levels of cholesterol in the blood. In some cases, a genetic test may be used to identify the presence of any underlying mutations in the genes responsible for the condition.
Treatment
The goal of treatment for Type IIb Hyperlipoproteinaemia is to reduce the risk of developing atherosclerosis by managing the levels of cholesterol in the blood. Treatment may include lifestyle changes, such as following a healthy diet and exercising regularly, as well as taking medications to lower cholesterol levels. In some cases, surgery may be necessary to remove plaque from the arteries.