Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma
What is Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma?
Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma (sBCC), also known as a superficial tumor, is the least potentially dangerous form of skin cancer that occurs most commonly in people with lighter skin tones, typically over age 50. This type of cancer accounts for up to 80 percent of all non-melanoma skin cancers.
Unlike other forms of skin cancer, Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma is usually limited to the outermost layer of the skin (the epidermis). This type of cancer does not typically spread quickly or widely, making it less risky than other cancer types.
Causes of Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma
The main cause of Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma is prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Anyone who spends a lot of time outdoors, works in the sun, and doesn’t wear adequate sun protection is at risk.
If the skin is constantly exposed to UV rays, it can cause mutations and damage to the skin cells within the epidermis. The DNA information within these cells can become garbled, leading to genetic changes which may eventually lead to the cell becoming cancerous.
Symptoms of Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma
In most cases, Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma is easy to spot. Common symptoms include:
- Small raised, waxy-looking bumps on the skin
- Small, red, flat patches of skin
- Small crusted lesions
- Reddish-brown patches of skin
- Pearly white lesions with visible veins
Treatment of Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma
Superficial Basal Cell Carcinomas are usually treated with a procedure called cryosurgery. Cryosurgery involves the use of liquid nitrogen to freeze the cancerous cell, destroying it and preventing further growth.
Depending on the size and location of the cancerous lesions, other treatments may be used instead, such as topical creams, photodynamic therapy, or curettage and electrodesiccation. Surgery is rarely used for Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma, as it can be difficult to completely remove the cancer without damaging the surrounding healthy tissue.
Prevention of Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma
The most effective way to prevent Superficial Basal Cell Carcinoma is to protect your skin from UV rays. This includes using sunscreen (at least SPF 30), wearing protective clothing (e.g. hats, long-sleeved shirts, and long pants), and avoiding tanning beds.
It’s also important to check your skin regularly to spot any suspicious lesions and contact your doctor if anything seems amiss. Early detection and treatment is the best way to ensure a successful outcome.