Refractory Primary Mediastinal Large B-Cell Lymphoma
What is Refractory Primary Mediastinal Large B-Cell Lymphoma?
Refractory Primary Mediastinal Large B-Cell Lymphoma (PMBCL) is an aggressive form of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma that occurs in the mediastinal area, which is the area of the chest between the lungs. It is the most common type of lymphoma that occurs in the mediastinum and usually affects young adults and adolescents. The cells involved are B-cells, which are specialized immune system cells. PMBCL is characterized by its rapid growth and is often considered one of the most aggressive forms of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
Causes of Refractory Primary Mediastinal Large B-Cell Lymphoma
The exact cause of PMBCL is unknown, however, there are certain risk factors that are associated with an increased risk of the condition, such as exposure to certain chemicals and radiation. In addition, certain genetic mutations are also associated with the development of PMBCL.
Signs and Symptoms of Refractory Primary Mediastinal Large B-Cell Lymphoma
PMBCL often presents with a wide range of symptoms, such as:
- Shortness of breath
- Fever
- Cough
- Chest pain
- Fatigue
- Weight loss
- Swollen lymph nodes
Diagnosis for Refractory Primary Mediastinal Large B-Cell Lymphoma
In order to diagnose PMBCL, your doctor will perform a physical examination and take a detailed medical history. Other tests that may be performed include a chest X-ray, CT scan, or MRI to look for enlarged lymph nodes in the mediastinum. In addition, a biopsy of the affected lymph nodes may be performed to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment for Refractory Primary Mediastinal Large B-Cell Lymphoma
Treatment for PMBCL typically consists of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or both. Your doctor will evaluate your individual case to determine the best course of treatment for you. In some cases, a stem cell transplant may be recommended to help treat the condition.
Prognosis for Refractory Primary Mediastinal Large B-Cell Lymphoma
The outlook for patients with PMBCL is often very good, with most people responding well to treatment. However, the prognosis can vary depending on the individual case. In cases where the cancer has spread to organs outside of the mediastinum, the prognosis is often more difficult.