Refractory Condylomata acuminata of the external
Refractory Condylomata acuminata
Condylomata acuminata are an infectious, sexually transmitted human papillomavirus (HPV) disorder of the skin and mucous membranes. This disorder can become refractory, meaning it is resistant to more traditional treatments like podophyllin and trichloroacetic acid application.
Refractory condylomata acuminata can be caused by many factors, such as:
- Mutated HPV strain
- Immunosuppression
- HIV infection
- Alcohol or drug abuse
- Warfarin or oral contraceptive use
- Radiation therapy to the genital area
- Poor wound healing
- Tobacco use
- Persistent moist skin where condylomata appear
The external genitalia, in both males and females, usually exhibit refractory condylomata acuminata. A red, raw, beefy appearance is typical, with hyperkeratosis and hypergranulosis, which is tissue that has overgrown its normal covering of skin. This disorder can also be seen in the mouth, nose, or on other areas of the skin.
Common treatments for refractory condylomata acuminata include cryotherapy, immunologic treatments such as interferon injections, pimecrolimus cream, 5-fluorouracil cream, and more. Surgery may be an option for larger tumors, which can be removed via laser or radiofrequency ablation.
In some cases, refractory condylomata acuminata may not respond to any treatments and require only observeration for stability. Patients should follow up with their physicians regularly to monitor the progression of the disorder.