Metastatic Anal cancer
Metastatic Anal Cancer: Everything You Need to Know
Every year, more than 7,000 people in the United States are diagnosed with metastatic anal cancer. It is a rare form of cancer that can have serious consequences if it's not caught early and treated properly. If you or a loved one are facing a diagnosis of metastatic anal cancer, it's important to be informed about the condition.
What is Metastatic Anal Cancer?
Metastatic anal cancer is the spread of cancer from its original location (usually the rectum) to other parts of the body. While the cancer may have started in the lower rectum, it can spread to lymph nodes, bones, and organs. Metastatic anal cancer is a stage III or IV cancer, and it is considered incurable.
What Causes Metastatic Anal Cancer?
The exact cause of most anal cancers is unknown, but certain risk factors can increase your chances of developing it. These include:
- Smoking
- Exposure to Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
- Immunosuppression (such as from HIV or organ transplant medications)
- Chronic inflammatory bowel diseases (such as Crohn’s Disease)
Symptoms of Metastatic Anal Cancer
Symptoms of metastatic anal cancer can vary based on the location of the cancer and how far it has spread. Common symptoms include:
- Pain or pressure in the rectal area
- Discharge or bleeding from the rectum
- Change in bowel habits
- Pain in the pelvis, hip, or lower back
- Nausea or vomiting
- Fatigue
- Unexplained weight loss
- Lumps or masses in the rectum or pelvis
Treatments for Metastatic Anal Cancer
Metastatic anal cancer is considered incurable, but it is still possible to treat and manage the disease. Treatment for metastatic anal cancer may include:
- Surgery to remove cancerous tissue, if possible
- Radiation therapy to control tumor growth
- Chemotherapy to shrink tumors and slow their growth
- Targeted therapy to help stop tumor growth
- Immunotherapy to help fight cancer cells
- Alternative therapies such as yoga or acupuncture
It's important to remember that every case of metastatic anal cancer is different and treatment should be tailored to the individual's specific needs. Your doctor will develop a tailored treatment plan to help you manage your metastatic anal cancer.