Lower Respiratory Infection
Lower Respiratory Infection: Symptoms, Causes and Treatment
Lower Respiratory Infections, or LRI for short, are a group of infectious diseases that affect the lower respiratory tract: the lungs, bronchi and airways. These infections are caused by a variety of bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Common symptoms of an LRI include coughing, difficulty breathing, sore throat, and fever. Severe cases can lead to pneumonia and other complications. It’s important to seek medical advice if you think you may have an LRI, as prompt treatment can prevent serious health issues.
Causes
Lower respiratory tract infections are caused by a variety of bacteria, viruses, and fungi. The most common cause is a virus such as the common cold or flu virus. Other bacteria or fungi can also cause these infections, and some diseases such as tuberculosis can also cause LRI.
Symptoms
Common symptoms of lower respiratory tract infections include:
- Coughing
- Difficulty breathing
- Fever
- Pain or tightness in the chest
- Wheezing
- Sore throat
- Chills
- Fatigue
- Runny nose
Treatment
Treatment for LRI depends on the type and severity of the infection. Antibiotics may be prescribed to treat bacterial infections. Viral infections typically do not require antibiotics and will usually resolve on their own. Your doctor may also prescribe medication to reduce pain, ease congestion, and treat fever. If the infection is severe, oxygen therapy or respirator therapy may be required. It is important to follow your doctor’s instructions and finish the course of medication prescribed to ensure that the infection has cleared.
Prevention
The best way to prevent lower respiratory tract infections is to practice good hygiene. This includes washing your hands regularly with soap and water, and avoiding close contact with people who are sick. If you are sick, practice proper coughing and sneezing etiquette and be sure to cover your mouth and nose with a tissue or the inside of your elbow. Make sure to get a yearly flu shot to help protect against the flu virus.