Intraabdominal Infections

Intraabdominal infections are a group of infections that affect the abdomen or peritoneal cavity. These infections can be acute, chronic, or recurrent in nature and are typically caused by bacteria or fungi. They can range from mild and manageable, to serious and life-threatening.

Typical signs and symptoms of intraabdominal infections include abdominal pain, fever, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Additional symptoms can include jaundice, confusion, loss of appetite, and weight loss. Diagnosis usually involves physical exam, lab tests, imaging, and endoscopy. Treatment typically includes antibiotics, fluid therapy, and surgery.

Common causes of intraabdominal infections include:

Bacterial infections can be caused by a variety of bacteria, including Escherichia coli (E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Clostridium difficile.
Fungal infections could be caused by Candida albicans or other Candida species.
Parasites such as Giardia lamblia, Entamoeba histolytica, and Taenia solium.

Risk factors for developing intraabdominal infections include weakened immunity, recent abdominal surgery, indwelling catheters, and a history of inflammatory bowel disease or radiation therapy.

Prevention of intraabdominal infections includes proper hygiene, avoiding contaminated food and water, limiting contact with people who are ill, and getting prompt medical care for sudden abdominal pain.