Complicated Intra-Abdominal Infections

Complicated intra-abdominal infections (IAI) are serious bacterial infections that affect the abdominal contents. They are caused by bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, Proteus, and Pseudomonas. These infections can lead to severe complications and even death if left untreated.

Complicated IAI is difficult to diagnose because the signs and symptoms may vary depending on the location of the infection. Common signs and symptoms include fever, chills, abdominal pain, vomiting, and diarrhea. Additionally, if the infection is in the appendix, the patient may complain of right-sided abdominal pain that radiates to the lower back. Patients with IAI may also develop sepsis, a life-threatening infection of the bloodstream.

Treatment of IAI typically includes antibiotics, surgery, and supportive care. Antibiotics are prescribed based on the location and type of infection. Surgery is necessary if the infection has caused an abscess or if the patient has developed a perforation of the bowel wall. Supportive care may include fluids, pain medications, and monitoring of vital signs.

Complicated IAI can be prevented through good hygiene, proper nutrition, and timely diagnosis and treatment of infections. Additionally, avoiding contact with those who have active infections can help reduce the risk of contracting IAI.

Signs and Symptoms of Intra-Abdominal Infections

Fever
Chills
Abdominal pain
Vomiting
Diarrhea
Radiating pain in the lower back
Sepsis

Treatment and Prevention of Intra-Abdominal Infections

Antibiotics
Surgery
Supportive care (fluids, pain medications, vital sign monitoring)
Good hygiene
Proper nutrition
Timely diagnosis and treatment of infections
Avoid contact with those who have active infections