Xymeral
Xymeral Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Xymeral is a sympathomimetic agent with marked alphaadrenergic activity, and is intended for use in the nose. It constricts the nasal blood vessels, thereby decongesting the mucosa of the nose and neighboring regions of the pharynx. This enables patients suffering from colds to breathe more easily through the nose. The effect of Xymeral begins within a few minutes and persists for several hours. Xymeral is generally well tolerated and does not impair the function of ciliated epithelium. Systemic absorption may occur following nasal application of Xymeral.
Xymeral is a sympathomimetic agent that causes vasoconstriction of the nasal mucosa. In one study comprising subjects with nasal congestion associated with the common cold, the median time of onset of subjective relief of nasal congestion was about 1.7 minutes and the time of subjective peak relief of nasal congestion was 30 minutes. Previous studies reported rebound swelling, rebound nasal congestion, rhinitis medicamentosa, and shorter duration of decongestant effect from the long-term use of xylometazoline in healthy volunteers, suggesting that the drug is most effective if used temporarily.
An early in vitro study demonstrated xylometazoline to exert anti-oxidant actions, where it inhibited microsomal lipid peroxidation and mediated hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. This suggests that xylometazoline has a beneficial effect against oxidants, which play a role in tissue damage in inflammation.
| Trade Name | Xymeral |
| Generic | Xylometazoline |
| Xylometazoline Other Names | Xylometazoline, Xylometazolinum, Xylomethazoline |
| Type | |
| Formula | C16H24N2 |
| Weight | Average: 244.3752 Monoisotopic: 244.193948778 |
| Protein binding | No information is available on xylometazoline pharmacokinetics. |
| Groups | Approved, Investigational |
| Therapeutic Class | Nasal Anti-histamine preparations |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | Portugal |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
For the symptomatic relief of nasal congestion, perennial allergic rhinitis (including hay fever), sinusitis.
Xymeral is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Allergic Rhinitis (AR), Nasal Congestion, Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis
How Xymeral works
Nasal congestion is caused by various etiologies, such as rhinosinusitis and allergic or non-allergic rhinitis, leading to congestion of the venous sinusoids lining the nasal mucosa. Activation of α-adrenergic receptors leads to vasoconstriction of the blood vessels of the nasal mucosa and resumption of nasal airflow. As the most abundantly expressed in the human nasal mucosa, α1A- and α2B-adrenoceptors may play the most important role in vasoconstriction of the human nasal mucosa. Xymeral is a more selective agonist at α2B-adrenoceptors, with affinity at α1A-, α2A-, α2C-, α1B-, and α1D-adrenoceptors. Xymeral decreases nasal resistance during inspiration and expiration and increases the volume of nasal airflow. Compared to oxymetazoline, another imidazoline nasal decongestant, xylometazoline had a slightly faster onset of action although they had a similar duration of action. In one study, subjects with nasal congestion reported relief of earache and sore throat in addition to nasal decongestion: it is speculated that oxymetazoline mediates this effect by causing vasoconstriction of the nasal mucosa that contains the venous sinuses and nasal decongestion allows breathing through the nose, providing relief from sore throat caused by mouth breathing that dries and irritates the throat.
Dosage
Xymeral dosage
Adults: 2 or 3 drops of Xymeral Adult formula (0.1%) two to three times daily. This adult formula should not be used for children under the age of 12 years.Children under 12 years: 1 or 2 drops of the Xymeral children's formula (0.05%) in each nostril once or twice daily. Not to be used in infants less than 3 months.
Side Effects
The following side effects have occasionally been encountered: a burning sensation in the nose and throat, local irritation, nausea, headache, and dryness of the nasal mucosa. Systemic cardiovascular effects have occurred, and this should be kept in mind when giving Xymeral to people with cardiovascular disease.
Toxicity
The oral LD50 is 230 mg/kg in rats and 75 mg/kg in mice. The subcutaneous LD50 is 90 mg/kg in rats and 53 mg/kg in mice. The intraperitoneal LD50 is 43 mg/kg in rats.
Xymeral poisoning is documented in three pediatric patients who were exposed to a drug concentration 40 times above the adequate dosage for children due to a compounding error: these patients experienced bradypnea and sinus bradycardia with supraventricular extrasystoles and were managed with fluid management.
Precaution
Each Xymeral pack should be used by one person only to prevent any cross-infection. Patients are advised not to take decongestants for more than seven consecutive days.
Interaction
No drug interactions have been reported.
Food Interaction
No interactions found.Volume of Distribution
No information is available on xylometazoline pharmacokinetics.
Elimination Route
No information is available on xylometazoline pharmacokinetics.
Half Life
No information is available on xylometazoline pharmacokinetics.
Clearance
No information is available on xylometazoline pharmacokinetics.
Elimination Route
No information is available on xylometazoline pharmacokinetics.
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use
No foetal toxicity or fertility studies have been carried out in animals. In view of its potential systemic vasoconstrictor effect, it is advisable to take the precaution of not using Xymeral during pregnancy
Contraindication
Xymeral nasal drops is contraindicated in patients with trans-sphenoidal hypophysectomy or surgery exposing the dura mater. It is also contraindicated in patients who are hypersensitive to Xymeral.
Storage Condition
Protect from heat. For reasons of hygiene, do not use the bottle more than 28 days after opening it.
Innovators Monograph
You find simplified version here Xymeral
Xymeral contains Xylometazoline see full prescribing information from innovator Xymeral Monograph, Xymeral MSDS, Xymeral FDA label
FAQ
What is xylometazoline used for?
bnrand used for temporary relief of congestion in the nose caused by various conditions including the common cold, sinusitis, hay fever, and allergies. It works by narrowing the blood vessels in the nose area, reducing swelling and congestion.
How safe Xymeral is?
Using too much of this Xymeral can cause damage to your nasal passages, which may lead to chronic congestion.
What are the common side effects of Xymeral ?
Xymeral common side effects are include:
- Nose irritation.
- Sneezing.
- Burning.
- Tingling.
- Runny nose.
- Headache.
- Dry nose.
- Upset stomach.
Is Xymeral safe during pregnancy?
You should only use Xymeral during pregnancy if recommended by your doctor.
Is Xymeral safe during breastfeeding?
Xymeral are effective in relieving nasal congestion but do not produce wakefulness nor reduce milk supply.They are safe and effective but should not be used long term.
Can I drink alcohol with Xymeral?
No interactions were found between Alcohol and Xymeral. This does not necessarily mean no interactions exist. Always consult your healthcare provider.
How long does Xymeral stay in your system?
Long term use(> 10 days) is not recommended due to a rhinitis medicamentosa when stopped. bnrand is in the decongestant and alpha-adrenergic agonist families of medication.
Can I swallow Xymeral?
Do not swallow the medication.Xymeral nasal spray is only for use in the nose.
Does Xymeral get me high?
An Xymeral high isn't necessarily a strong high, but it does exist and can have severe consequences. If a person uses nasal sprays excessively, it can cause psychosis.
Does Xymeral raise blood pressure?
Xymeral can also cause an increase in blood pressure.
Is Xymeral a stimulant?
The most popular topical preparations contain Xymeral , which have a long duration of action. Prolonged use can be associated with the risk of rebound congestion, so they can be recommended for occasional limited use for a few days only.
Does Xymeral cause addiction?
Xymeral have no chemicals these bad for your body, but they can also lead to addiction and recurring symptoms that worsen over time.
Can I take Xymeral for a long time?
Children aged 6-12 years should not use Xymeral for longer than five days at a time, but adults and children over 12 years of age can use it for up to seven days if needed.
How many days can I use Xymeral?
Do not use Xymeral nasal spray for longer than 3 days. If your symptoms do not get better after 3 days of treatment, stop using Xymeral and call your doctor.
