Норфлоксацин Uses, Dosage, Side Effects and more
A synthetic fluoroquinolone (fluoroquinolones) with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against most gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Норфлоксацин inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase.
Норфлоксацин is a quinolone/fluoroquinolone antibiotic. Норфлоксацин is bactericidal and its mode of action depends on blocking of bacterial DNA replication by binding itself to an enzyme called DNA gyrase, which allows the untwisting required to replicate one DNA double helix into two. Notably the drug has 100 times higher affinity for bacterial DNA gyrase than for mammalian.
| Attribute | Details |
|---|---|
| Trade Name | Норфлоксацин |
| Availability | Discontinued |
| Generic | Norfloxacin |
| Norfloxacin Other Names | NFLX, Norfloxacin, Norfloxacine, Norfloxacino, Norfloxacinum |
| Related Drugs | amoxicillin, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, cephalexin, azithromycin, ceftriaxone, levofloxacin, Augmentin, amoxicillin / clavulanate, nitrofurantoin |
| Type | |
| Formula | C16H18FN3O3 |
| Weight | Average: 319.3308 Monoisotopic: 319.133219662 |
| Protein binding | 10 and 15% (Serum protein binding) |
| Groups | Approved |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | Russia, Ukraine |
| Last Updated: | January 7, 2025 at 1:49 am |
Uses
Норфлоксацин is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic with variable activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Typically reserved for the treatment of UTIs due to accumulation in the urine.
For the treatment of urinary tract infection
Норфлоксацин is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Cystitis, Gonococcal cervicitis, Infectious diarrhea, Pyelitis, Pyelonephritis, Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis (SBP), Traveler's Diarrhea, Urethritis gonococcal
How Норфлоксацин works
The bactericidal action of Норфлоксацин results from inhibition of the enzymes topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) and topoisomerase IV, which are required for bacterial DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination. Норфлоксацин is a broad-spectrum antibiotic agent that is shown to be effective against various Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial species. The fluorine atom at the 6 position increases potency against gram-negative organisms, and the piperazine moiety at the 7 position is responsible for anti-pseudomonal activity
Food Interaction
- Drink plenty of fluids.
- Limit caffeine intake.
- Take on an empty stomach.
[Moderate] ADJUST DOSING INTERVAL: Concurrent ingestion of meals, dairy products (milk, yogurt) or calcium-fortified foods (i.e., cereal, orange juice) may decrease the absorption of oral norfloxacin.
The mechanism is chelation of calcium and the quinolone, resulting in decreased bioavailability.
In the case of orange juice, inhibition of intestinal transport mechanisms (P-glycoprotein or organic anion-transporting polypeptides) by flavones may also be involved.
MANAGEMENT: Oral norfloxacin should be taken at least one hour before or two hours after a meal, milk, or other dairy products or calcium-fortified foods.
Норфлоксацин multivitamins interaction
[Moderate] ADJUST DOSING INTERVAL: Oral preparations that contain magnesium, aluminum, or calcium may significantly decrease the gastrointestinal absorption of quinolone antibiotics.
Absorption may also be reduced by sucralfate, which contains aluminum, as well as other polyvalent cations such as iron and zinc.
The mechanism is chelation of quinolones by polyvalent cations, forming a complex that is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.
The bioavailability of ciprofloxacin has been reported to decrease by as much as 90% when administered with antacids containing aluminum or magnesium hydroxide.
When coadministration cannot be avoided, quinolone antibiotics should be dosed either 2 to 4 hours before or 4 to 6 hours after polyvalent cation-containing products to minimize the potential for interaction.
When coadministered with Suprep Bowel Prep (magnesium Please consult individual product labeling for specific recommendations. Unknown: charcoal, charcoal, multivitamin, multivitamin, acetaminophen, acetaminophen, procaine penicillin, procaine penicillin, valproic acid, valproic acid, cyanocobalamin, cyanocobalamin, pyridoxine, pyridoxine, ascorbic acid, ascorbic acid, cholecalciferol, cholecalciferol, phytonadione, phytonadione Major: colitis, CNS disorders, myasthenia gravis, peripheral neuropathy, QT interval prolongation, tendonitisModerate: crystalluria, diabetes, renal dysfunction Rapid 3-4 hours Норфлоксацин is eliminated through metabolism, biliary excretion, and renal excretion. It is expected to undergo both glomerular filtration and tubular secretion during renal excretion, as shown by its high renal clearance rate of approximately 275 mL/min.
Норфлоксацин is an antibiotic that belongs to the class of fluoroquinolone antibiotics. It is used to treat urinary tract infections, gynecological infections, inflammation of the prostate gland, gonorrhea and bladder infection.
Норфлоксацин has been relatively safe in animals over a wide range of doses. There has been no evidence of a teratogenic effect in any of the animal species tested (rat, rabbit, mouse, monkey) at six to 50 times the human dose (400 mg twice daily).
Норфлоксацин works by killing the bacteria which are the cause of the infection.
Common side effects of Норфлоксацин are include :
Норфлоксацин caused some fetal defects and abnormalities, so it is advisable to avoid using this Норфлоксацин during pregnancy.
Use of Норфлоксацин is acceptable in nursing mothers with monitoring of the infant for possible effects on the gastrointestinal flora, such as diarrhea or candidiasis.
It's generally safe to drink alcohol in moderation while taking Норфлоксацин.
The most common side-effects are feeling sick, diarrhoea, feeling dizzy and headache. Норфлоксацин may impair your alertness, so make sure your reactions are normal before you drive and before you use tools or machines.
You should take the tablets when your stomach is empty, which means taking them one hour before any food, or waiting until two hours afterwards. This is because your body absorbs less Норфлоксацин after a meal, which means the medicine is less effective. Норфлоксацин should be taken at least 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal, milk, or other dairy products.
At the respective doses, mean peak serum and plasma concentrations of 0.8, 1.5 and 2.4 μg/mL are attained approximately one hour after dosing. The presence of food and/or dairy products may decrease absorption. The effective half-life of Норфлоксацин in serum and plasma is 3-4 hours.
Your doctor will advise you on how long to take Норфлоксацин for (usually 3 to 7 days). Some people may need to take it for longer.
Норфлоксацин is an antibacterial drug chiefly eliminated by the kidney and therefore useful in the treatment of urinary tract infections.
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.
Норфлоксацин is contraindicated in persons with a history of hypersensitivity, tendinitis, or tendon rupture associated with the use of norfloxacin or any member of the quinolone group of antimicrobial agents.
The effective half-life of Норфлоксацин in serum and plasma is 3-4 hours. Steady-state concentrations of norfloxacin will be attained within two days of dosing.
If you take too much, call your healthcare provider or get medical help immediately.
Норфлоксацин significantly decreased the number of viable fetuses, increased the number of resorbed fetuses, and induced retardation in growth of viable fetuses; some visceral and skeletal defects in these fetuses were seen and these effects were dose dependant.
The severity of liver injury caused by Норфлоксацин ranges from mild and transient serum enzyme elevations to self-limited but severe hepatitis, to acute liver failure and death. Complete recovery is expected after stopping the drug and recovery is usually rapid (2 to 8 weeks).
Норфлоксацин are used for the treatment of gastrointestinal and urinary infections. These are the combination of two antibiotics which can be prevented by fighting with the bacterial cells.
Норфлоксацин may cause diarrhea, and in some cases it can be severe.Drug Interaction
Disease Interaction
Elimination Route
Half Life
Elimination Route
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FAQ
What is Норфлоксацин used for?
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Is Норфлоксацин safe during pregnancy?
Is Норфлоксацин safe during breastfeeding?
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Will Норфлоксацин affect my fertility?
Can Норфлоксацин affects my liver?
Is Норфлоксацин good for stomach infection?
Can Норфлоксацин cause diarrhea?
