Desflurane

Desflurane Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.

Desflurane, or I-653, a a volatile anesthetic that is more rapidly cleared and less metabolized than previous inhaled anesthetics such as methoxyflurane, sevoflurane, enflurane, or isoflurane.. It was developed in the late 1980s out of a need for a more rapidly acting and rapidly cleared inhaled anesthetic.

Desflurane was granted FDA approval on 18 September 1992.

Desflurane is a general inhalation anesthetic. It has a short duration of action as it is rapidly cleared. Patients should be counselled regarding the risks of malignant hyperthermia, perioperative hyperkalemia, respiratory adverse reactions in pediatric patients, QTc prolongation, hepatobiliary disorders, pediatric neurotoxicity, and postoperative agitation in children.

Trade Name Desflurane
Availability Prescription only
Generic Desflurane
Desflurane Other Names Desflurane, Desflurano, Desfluranum
Related Drugs fentanyl, lidocaine, ketamine, hyoscyamine, propofol, glycopyrrolate
Type
Formula C3H2F6O
Weight Average: 168.0378
Monoisotopic: 168.000983916
Protein binding

Desflurane is bound to human serum albumin in plasma.

Groups Approved
Therapeutic Class
Manufacturer Piramal Critical Care Ltd
Available Country United Kingdom, United States
Last Updated: September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am
Desflurane
Desflurane

Uses

Desflurane is a general inhalation anesthetic for inpatient and outpatient surgery in adults.

Desflurane is indicated for the induction and maintenance of anesthesia in adults, as well as the maintenance of anesthesia in pediatric patients.

Desflurane is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Induction and Maintenance of General Anesthesia, Maintenance of anesthesia therapy

How Desflurane works

The mechanism of inhalational anesthetics is still not fully understood. They can block excitatory ion channels and increase the activity of inhibitory ion channels. The most notable agonism is at the GABAA channel. Desflurane is also an agonist of glycine receptors, antagonist of glutamate receptors, inducer of potassium voltage gated channels, and inhibits both NADH-ubiquinone oxioreductase chain 1 and calcium transporting ATPases.

An older school of thought is the unitary theory of general anesthetic action, suggesting that desflurane affects the lipid bilayer of cells. Studies of other halogenated inhalational anesthetics have shown that the lipid bilayer spreads out more thinly as the anesthetic incorporates into the bilayer. However, the anesthetic does not bind to lipid heads or acyl chains of hydrocarbons in the bilayer. The effect of incorporating into the lipid bilayer is not well described. By incorporating into the lipid bilayer, anesthetics may introduce disorder in the lipids, leading to some indirect effect on ion channels. However, this theory remains controversial.

Toxicity

Patients experiencing a desflurane overdose may experience deepening anesthesia, cardiac or respiratory depression. In the event of an overdose, patients may require symptomatic and supportive treatment to maintain airway, breathing, and circulation. Discontinue desflurane.

Food Interaction

No interactions found.

Volume of Distribution

Desflurane has a median volume of distribution of 612 mL/kg.

Elimination Route

Data regarding the Cmax, Tmax, and AUC of desflurane are not readily available.

Half Life

Desflurane has a terminal elimination half life of 8.16 ± 3.15 minutes.

Clearance

A 26 g dose of desflurane is 90% eliminated from the brain after 33 hours. The metabolite trifluoroacetic acid has a urinary clearance rate of 0.169 ± 0.107 µmol/L.

Elimination Route

Initially, desflurane is rapidly eliminated from the lungs. A small amount of the metabolite trifluoroacetic acid is eliminated in the urine and only 0.02% of an inhaled dose is recovered as urinary metabolites.

Innovators Monograph

You find simplified version here Desflurane

*** Taking medicines without doctor's advice can cause long-term problems.
Share