Alpha Fetoprotein (AFP) Tumor Marker Test
Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) Tumor Marker Test
The Alpha-Fetoprotein (AFP) Tumor Marker Test is a blood test used to detect a particular type of cancer, called hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The test measures the level of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in the blood. AFP is produced by unborn babies and normally decreases after birth. Both elevated and decreased AFP levels may be associated with certain diseases, including HCC, liver cirrhosis, and tumors of the ovaries, testes, or pancreas.
Preparation
No preparation is necessary for the AFP tumor marker test. The doctor will take a blood sample from the patient in order to test the level of AFP in their blood.
Procedure
The blood sample will be sent to a laboratory for testing. The laboratory will measure the level of AFP in the patient’s blood and provide the results to the doctor. The doctor will then interpret the results and discuss the findings with the patient.
Types
There are three main types of AFP tumor marker tests: a qualitative test, a quantitative test, and a serial quantitative test.
- A qualitative AFP test is used to detect the presence of AFP in the blood.
- A quantitative AFP test is used to measure the exact amount of AFP in the blood.
- A serial quantitative AFP test is performed on multiple blood samples collected over time. This allows the doctor to monitor changes in AFP levels over time.
Risks
An AFP tumor marker test is a relatively safe procedure. The only risk is a mild pain or discomfort from the needle puncture during the blood collection.
Why it's done
An AFP tumor marker test may be ordered when a patient is suspected of having HCC or another type of cancer. The test can help diagnose HCC in its early stage, as well as monitor its progression over time. The test may also be ordered to monitor the effectiveness of a treatment for HCC or other types of cancer.
When to get it done
Your doctor will determine when you should have an AFP tumor marker test. The test is typically ordered when a patient is suspected to have HCC or another type of cancer. It may also be ordered to monitor the progression of a cancer or the effectiveness of the treatment.