Pneumonia caused by susceptible pneumococci
Pneumonia caused by Susceptible Pneumococci
Pneumococcal pneumonia is a lung infection caused by the bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae. It is one of the most common causes of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). A susceptible pneumococcus is any strain of the bacteria that is susceptible to antibiotics. CAP can develop in people of any age, but it is more common in people living in long-term care facilities, young children and adults, and those with weakened immune systems.
With a proper diagnosis and prompt treatment, pneumococcal pneumonia is usually curable. Treatment usually includes antibiotics, oxygen, and other supportive measures. The most effective way to prevent outbreaks is through vaccination.
Signs and Symptoms:
- Fever
- Coughing up mucus
- Chills and night sweats
- Headaches
- Muscle aches
- Shortness of breath
- Rapid breathing
- Low oxygen levels
In some cases, these symptoms can be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, chest pain, and diarrhea. People with weakened immune systems can develop serious complications, such as an abscess in the lung and meningitis.
Diagnosis:
Your doctor will perform a physical exam and take your medical history. He or she may also recommend blood tests, chest X-rays, or a chest CT scan to confirm the diagnosis. You may also need a sputum culture to identify which pneumococcal strain is causing the infection.
Treatment:
The treatment for pneumococcal pneumonia caused by susceptible pneumococci usually includes antibiotics, oxygen, and other supportive measures. The type of antibiotic that you will be prescribed will depend on the type of pneumonia and the strain of S pneumoniae that is causing the infection. Most people respond to treatment within one to three weeks, although it may take longer for those with weakened immune systems.
Prevention:
The best way to prevent pneumococcal pneumonia is to get the appropriate immunization. Vaccines for children and adults are available in the United States and in many other countries. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that all children over the age of two should be vaccinated against pneumococcal pneumonia.
Those at greater risk for developing the disease, such as people living in long-term care facilities or those with weakened immune systems, may need to be immunized more frequently. In addition to immunization, regular handwashing and avoiding contact with people who have symptoms of pneumonia can also help prevent infection.