Normochromic anemia
What is Normochromic Anemia?
Normochromic anemia is a common type of anemia in which the red blood cells (RBCs) and hemoglobin are abnormal. It is typically caused by an iron deficiency, although it can also be caused by other medical conditions. The most common symptom is fatigue, but it may also present with other symptoms, such as weakness, pale skin, dizziness, and shortness of breath.
Causes of Normochromic Anemia
Normochromic anemia is usually caused by a deficiency of iron. Iron is an important mineral for the body and is found in many foods. When iron levels in the blood are too low, red blood cells cannot be produced in the normal numbers, resulting in anemia. Other causes of normochromic anemia include:
- Chronic kidney disease
- Thalassemia, a genetic disorder of hemoglobin production
- Hemolytic anemia, in which red blood cells are destroyed faster than they can be replaced
- Liver disease
- Malnutrition
- Pregnancy
- Chronic infections
- Heavy menstrual bleeding
Diagnosis
Your doctor will perform a physical exam and ask about any symptoms you may have. They may also order blood tests to diagnose normochromic anemia. These tests check for the number and size of red blood cells, hemoglobin levels, and iron levels. Other tests may be necessary to diagnose the underlying cause of the anemia.
Treatments
The treatment for normochromic anemia depends on the underlying cause. For iron deficiency anemia, iron supplements may be prescribed, along with a diet high in iron-rich foods. In more severe cases, you may need an iron infusion. Other treatments include treatments for the underlying medical condition causing the anemia, such as medications for chronic kidney disease, thalassemia, or hemolytic anemia.
Prevention
The best way to prevent normochromic anemia is to ensure that you are eating a balanced diet and getting enough iron. You can also work with your doctor to identify and treat any underlying medical conditions that could be causing or contributing to anemia. Finally, it is important to prevent the development of chronic infections, which can lead to anemia.