Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis
Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by Leishmania species. It is also known as "Espundia". It primarily affects the mucous membranes of the mouth and nose. Symptoms of this condition include ulceration and scarring of the mucous membranes, fever, and swollen lymph glands in the neck and face.What is Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis?
Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by Leishmania species. It is also known as “espundia” and is characterized by ulceration and scarring of the mucous membranes of the mouth, nose and pharynx. It is mainly found in developing countries, particularly areas with warm climates.
Causes of Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis
The disease is caused by a species of protozoan parasites that belong to the genus Leishmania. These parasites are spread through the bite of infected sandflies.Once inside the body, the parasites reproduce inside cells and gradually spread throughout the mucous membranes of the mouth, nose and pharynx, resulting in ulceration and scarring.
Symptoms of Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis
The main symptom of this condition is ulceration and scarring of the mucous membranes, especially in the mouth and nose. Other common symptoms include:
- Fever
- Swollen lymph nodes in neck and face
- Nasal obstruction
- Breathing difficulties
Diagnosis and Treatment
Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis can be easily diagnosed through a physical examination and laboratory tests (blood test, skin biopsy). Treatment involves the use of antileishmanial medicines such as Pentamidine and Amphotericin B. Surgery may be necessary to remove the damaged mucosa.
Prevention
The best way to prevent infection is to avoid exposure to sandflies. Use insect repellents, wear long sleeves and pants whenever possible and use mosquito nets.