Voglibose

Voglibose Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors are saccharides that act as competitive inhibitors of enzymes needed to digest carbohydrates: specifically alpha-glucosidase enzymes in the brush border of the small intestines. The membrane-bound intestinal alpha-glucosidases hydrolyze oligosaccharides, trisaccharides, and disaccharides to glucose and other monosaccharides in the small intestine. Acarbose also blocks pancreatic alpha-amylase in addition to inhibiting membrane-bound alpha-glucosidases. Pancreatic alpha-amylase hydrolyzes complex starches to oligosaccharides in the lumen of the small intestine. Inhibition of these enzyme systems reduces the rate of digestion of complex carbohydrates. Less glucose is absorbed because the carbohydrates are not broken down into glucose molecules. In diabetic patients, the short-term effect of these drugs therapies is to decrease current blood glucose levels: the long term effect is a small reduction in hemoglobin-A1c level.

Voglibose, an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, is a synthetic compound with potent and enduring therapeutic efficacies against disorders of sensory, motor and autonomic nerve systems due to diabetes mellitus. The drug was approved in Japan in 1994 for the treatment of diabetes, and it is under further investigation by Takeda for the treatment of impaired glucose tolerance. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors are oral anti-diabetic drugs used for diabetes mellitus type 2 that work by preventing the digestion of complex carbohydrates (such as starch). Complex carbohydrates are normally converted into simple sugars (monosaccharides) which can be absorbed through the intestine. Hence, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors reduce the impact of complex carbohydrates on blood sugar.

Trade Name Voglibose
Generic Voglibose
Voglibose Other Names Voglibosa, Voglibose, Voglibosum
Type
Formula C10H21NO7
Weight Average: 267.2762
Monoisotopic: 267.131802031
Groups Investigational
Therapeutic Class Alpha-Glucosidase inhibitor
Manufacturer
Available Country
Last Updated: September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am
Voglibose
Voglibose

Uses

Voglibose is used in diabetes mellitus (DM) for reduction in Post-Prandial Hyperglycaemia (PPHG), only when diet and/or exercise with lifestyle modification or Oral Hypoglycaemic Agents (OHAs) or insulin preparations, in addition to diet and/or exercise, do not result in an adequate glycaemic control.Thus, Voglibose is used for:

  • In non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) patients as immunotherapy
  • In combination with other OHAs
  • In addition to insulin in diabetes mellitus patients
  • In prevention of onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus in impaired glucose tolerance (only for Voglibose 0.2 mg Tablets) (However, Voglibose Tablets should be used only when impaired glucose tolerance has not been improved in patients already undergoing appropriate dietary treatment and/or exercise therapy.)
  • In elderly patients and in those with hepatic dysfunction or mild to moderate renal impairments in whom other OHAs are contraused or they need to be used with caution, Voglibose will be helpful.
  • In glycogen storage disease: Voglibose is helpful in prevention of hypoglycaemia in patients with type lb glycogen storage disease, it being an amylase (a glucosidase) inhibitor.
  • In non-diabetic Hyperinsulinemia, Voglibose is helpful in preventing hypoglycaemic attacks.
  • In steroid induced diabetes mellitus also, Voglibose is helpful. However, clinical data in this setting are limited.

Voligbose has general properties similar to acarbose and selectively inhibits α-glucosidase in the enteric canal, delaying the digestion and absorption of carbohydrate, thereby suppressing sharp increase in post-prandial plasma glucose.

Voglibose is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Post Prandial Hyperglycemia, Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Glycemic Control

How Voglibose works

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors are saccharides that act as competitive inhibitors of enzymes needed to digest carbohydrates: specifically alpha-glucosidase enzymes in the brush border of the small intestines. The membrane-bound intestinal alpha-glucosidases hydrolyze oligosaccharides, trisaccharides, and disaccharides to glucose and other monosaccharides in the small intestine. Acarbose also blocks pancreatic alpha-amylase in addition to inhibiting membrane-bound alpha-glucosidases. Pancreatic alpha-amylase hydrolyzes complex starches to oligosaccharides in the lumen of the small intestine. Inhibition of these enzyme systems reduces the rate of digestion of complex carbohydrates. Less glucose is absorbed because the carbohydrates are not broken down into glucose molecules. In diabetic patients, the short-term effect of these drugs therapies is to decrease current blood glucose levels: the long term effect is a small reduction in hemoglobin-A1c level. (From Drug Therapy in Nursing, 2nd ed)

Dosage

Voglibose dosage

Normal Adult Dose: Usually, Voglibose tablets are orally administered in a single dose of 0.2 mg, 3 times a day, before each meal. If the effect is not sufficient, the quantity of a single dose may be increased up to 0.3 mg.

Pediatrics: The safety and effectiveness of Voglibose in children has not been established.

Geriatrics: Since elderly patients generally have a physiological hypofunction, it is desirable that such caution be taken as starting the administration at a lower dose (eg, 0.1 mg at a time). Furthermore, this drug should be carefully administered under close observation, through the course of the disease condition, with careful attention to the blood sugar level and the onset of gastrointestinal symptoms.

Side Effects

Diarrhoea, loose stools, abdominal pain, constipation, loss of appetite, urge to vomit (nausea), vomiting, heartburn, increased gas, and intestinal obstruction like symptoms due to increased intestinal gas. OHAs plus voglibose may cause hypoglycaemia (0.1% to <5%), delay in digestion and absorption of disaccharides, fulminant hepatitis, serious liver dysfunction with increased liver enzymes, jaundice, anaemia, numbness, edema, blurred vision, hot flushes, malaise, weakness, hyperkalemia, increased pancreatic enzyme (serum amylase).

Precaution

Careful Administration (should be administered with care in following patients):

  • Patients who are receiving other antidiabetic drugs as hypoglycaemia may occur
  • Patients with a history of laparotomy or ileus (intestinal obstruction-like symptoms are liable to develop due to an increase in intestinal gas, etc.)
  • Patients with chronic intestinal disease accompanied by a disturbance in digestion and absorption (the action of this drug may aggravate the pathologic conditions)
  • Patients with Roemheld’s Syndrome, severe hernia, Stenosis or ulceration of the large intestine, etc. (Symptoms may worsen due to an increase in the intestinal gas, etc.)
  • Patients with serious hepatic dysfunction (Because of possible changes in metabolic condition, the status of plasma glucose control may greatly vary. In patients with severe liver cirrhosis, hyperammonemia may worsen, followed by disturbance of consciousness.)
  • Patients with serious renal dysfunction (Because of possible changes in metabolic conditions, the status of plasma glucose control may greatly vary.)
  • Elderly patients

Interaction

Voglibose should be administered with care when co-administered with the following drugs:

Antidiabetic drugs: Derivative(s) of sulfonylamide and sulfonylurea, biguanide derivatives, insulin preparations and improving agents for insulin resistance.

For the concomitant use of antldlabetlc drugs and the drugs which enhance or diminish the hypoglycaemic action of antldlabetlc drugs:

  • Drugs enhancing the hypoglycaemic action of antidiabetic drugs: β-blockers, salicylic acid preparations, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, fibrate derivatives for the treatment of hyperlipemia, warfarin, etc.
  • Drugs diminishing the hypoglycemic actton of antidiabetic drugs: Adrenaline, adrenocortical hormone, thyroid hormone, etc.

Elimination Route

Slowly and poorly absorbed. The reported pharmacokinetic parameters of voglibose with metformin are Cmax corresponds to 1.38 mcg/ml while AUC is 8.17 mcg.h/ml and tmax is of 2.5 hours.

Half Life

The half-life of voglibose is very similar to the one found for metformin and it is reported to be of 4.08 hours.

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use

Pregnancy: The safety of Voglibose in pregnancy has not been established. However, no adequate and well controlled studies have been done on pregnant women.

Lactation and Nursing Mothers: Although the levels of Voglibose reached in human milk are exceedingly low, it is recommended that Voglibose may not be administered to such women.

Contraindication

Contraindicated in patients with Hypersensitivity to Voglibose or to any of the excipients; Diabetic ketoacidosis, diabetic pre-coma; Severe infection, before and after operation or with serious trauma; Gastrointestinal obstruction or predisposed to it.

Special Warning

Dosage in Renal Failure: Voglibose is poorly absorbed after oral doses and renal excretion is negligible, suggesting that no dose adjustment is required. However, pharmacokinetic studies in patients with renal insufficiency are not available.

Acute Overdose

Unlike sulfonylureas or insulin, an overdose of Voglibose tablets will not result in hypoglycaemia. An overdose may result is transient increase in flatulence, diarrhoea and abdominal discomfort. Because of lack of extra-intestinal effects soon with Voglibose, no serious systemic reactions are expected in the event of an overdose.

Storage Condition

Keep in a cool and dry place. Keep out of the reach of children. Protect from light.

Innovators Monograph

You find simplified version here Voglibose

FAQ

What is Voglibose used for?

Voglibose used to treat diabetes mellitus by lowering post-prandial blood glucose levels. It helps to delay the absorption of sugar in the body and thereby it reduces the macrovascular complication risks.

How safe Voglibose is?

Voglibose is well tolerated and effective in comparable doses.

What are the side effects of Voglibose?

Common side effects are Flatulence, abdominal distension, diarrhea, pain, skin reactions, low blood sugar, increased LFT.

When should Voglibose be taken?

Usual adult dosage is 0.2 mg of Voglibose administered orally three times daily immediately before each meal.Voglibose 0.2 mg or OD Tablets 0.2 mg will be administered orally three times daily immediately before each meal.

Does Voglibose cause weight gain?

Voglibose is reported to cause side-effects on the small intestine, such as abdominal fullness or diarrhoea for the first several months.

Is Voglibose good for diabetes?

Voglibose is an important and well-tolerated treatment choice for elderly patients with type 2 diabetes.

When shouId I take Voglibose ?

It should be taken before meals. Side effects such as stomach pain, gas, and diarrhea may occur during the first few weeks of treatment but should get better with time.

Is Voglibose safe during pregnancy?

Voglibose falls in the category of B drugs used for pregnant women. The safety of Voglibose in pregnancy has not been established.no adequate and well controlled studies have been done on pregnant women.

Is Voglibose safe during breasfeeding?

The very limited amounts of metformin observed in breast milk are highly unlikely to lead to substantial exposure in the breastfed baby. Metformin can be considered a safe medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes in a breastfeeding mother.

Can I drink alcohol with Voglibose is?

Drinking alcohol while taking metformin does not support diabetes management and is not safe.

Does Voglibose cause weightloss?

Voglibose do not affect body weight in clinical doses.

Does Voglibose cause weight gain?

Voglibose may causes weight gain of 3.7%.

What is best time to take Voglibose?

Adults can take 0.2 mg of Voglibose three times a day, right before each meal.

Can Voglibose be taken after meal?

It should be taken before meals.

What is the mechanism of action of Voglibose?

action of Voglibose results from a reversible inhibition of membrane bound intestines α glycosidase hydrolize enzymes which hydrolize oligosaccharides and disaccharides to glucose and other monosaccharides in the brush border of the small intestine.

What drug class is Voglibose?

Voglibose belongs to class of competitive α glucosisade inhibitors.

Can Voglibose be taken with insulin?

The risk or severity of hypoglycemia can be increased when Insulin human is combined with Voglibose.

Can Voglibose be taken after meal?

It should be taken before meals.

*** Taking medicines without doctor's advice can cause long-term problems.
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