Enoclox

Enoclox Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.

Enoclox inhibits the 3rd and last step of bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall. It is active against penicillinase-producing and non-penicillinase-producing staphylococci.

Enoclox is isoxazolyl penicillin which combined the properties of resistance to hydrolysis by penicillinase, gastric acid stability and activity against gram-positive bacteria. Enoclox is a bactericidal antibiotic that is particularly useful against penicillinase-producing staphylococci. Enoclox kills bacterial cellwall, thus interfering with peptidoglycan synthesis. Peptidoglycan is a heteropolymeric structure that provides the cell wall with its mechanical stability. The final stage of peptidoglycan synthesis involves the completion of the cross-linking with the terminal glycine residue of the pentaglycin bridge linking to the fourth residue of the pentapeptide (D-alanine). The transpeptidase enzyme that performs this step is inhibited by Enoclox. As a result the bacterial cellwall is weakened, the cell swells and then ruptures. Enoclox resists the action of bacterial penicillinase probably because of the steric hindrance induced by the acyl side chain which prevents the opening of the β- lactam ring.

Enoclox is a penicillin beta-lactam antibiotic used in the treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible, usually gram-positive, organisms. The name "penicillin" can either refer to several variants of penicillin available, or to the group of antibiotics derived from the penicillins. Enoclox has in vitro activity against gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. The bactericidal activity of Enoclox results from the inhibition of cell wall synthesis and is mediated through flucloxacillin binding to penicillin binding proteins (PBPs). Enoclox is stable against hydrolysis by a variety of beta-lactamases, including penicillinases, and cephalosporinases and extended spectrum beta-lactamases.

Trade Name Enoclox
Generic Flucloxacillin
Flucloxacillin Other Names Floxacillin, Flucloxacilina, Flucloxacillin, Flucloxacilline, Flucloxacillinum
Weight 500mg, 125mg/5ml
Type Capsule, Oral Suspension
Formula C19H17ClFN3O5S
Weight Average: 453.872
Monoisotopic: 453.056147271
Groups Approved, Investigational
Therapeutic Class Penicillinase-resistant penicillins
Manufacturer Modern Pharmaceuticals Limited
Available Country Bangladesh
Last Updated: September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am
Enoclox
Enoclox

Uses

Enoclox is used for the treatment of infections due to Gram-positive organisms, including infections caused by β-lactamase producing staphylococci.

Skin and Soft Tissue Infections: Boils, abscesses, carbuncles, furunculosis,infected wounds, infected burns, protection of skin grafts, otitis media and externa, impetigo.

Infected Skin Conditions: Ulcer, eczema and acne.

Respiratory Tract Infections: Pneumonia, lung abscess, empyema, sinusitis,pharyngitis, tonsillitis, quinsy.

Other infections caused by Enoclox-sensitive organisms such as osteomyelitis, enteritis, endocarditis, urinary tract infection, meningitis, septicaemia.

Enoclox is also used for use as a prophylactic agent during major surgical procedures where appropriate, for example, cardiothoracic and orthopaedic surgery

Enoclox is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Susceptible infections

How Enoclox works

By binding to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, flucloxacillin inhibits the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cell lysis is then mediated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes such as autolysins; it is possible that flucloxacillin interferes with an autolysin inhibitor.

Dosage

Enoclox dosage

Oral administration:

Adult or Elderly:

  • Usual dosage: 250 mg four times daily. In severe infections, dosage should be doubled.
  • In osteomyelitis and endocarditis: up to 8 gm daily, in divided doses 6 to 8 hourly.
  • In case of secondary bacterial infection in chicken pox: Enoclox 500 mg six hourly should be prescribed.

Children:

  • Usual dosage: 2-10 years: half of the adult dose. Under 2 years: quarter of the adult dose.

Parenteral administration:

Adult or Elderly:

  • Intramuscular Injection: 250 mg four times daily.
  • Intravenous Injection: 250 mg-1 g four times daily by slow injection over 3 to 4 minutes or by intravenous infusion.
  • All systemic doses may be doubled in severe infections: doses up to 8 g daily have been suggested for endocarditis or osteomyelitis.

Children:

  • Usual dosage: 2-10 years : half of the adult dose. Under 2 years : quarter of the adult dose.

Doses should be administered half an hour before meals.

Enoclox has been used in other routes in conjunction with systemic therapy. It has been administered in a dose of 250 mg to 500 mg daily by intraarticular injection, dissolved if necessary in a 0.5% solution of lignocaine hydrochloride, and by intrapleural injection in a dose of 250 mg daily. Using powder for injection, 125 mg-250 mg has been dissolved in 3 ml of sterile water and inhaled by nebuliser four times daily.

Side Effects

There have been some common side effects of GIT such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, dyspepsia and other minor gastrointestinal disturbances. Besides these rashes, urticaria, purpura, fever, interstitial nephritis, hepatitis and cholestatic jaundice have been reported

Precaution

Patient with spirochaete infections (e.g. syphilis, leptospirosis), history of hypersensitivity to β-lactam antibiotics. Newborn infants. Hepatic or renal impairment. Pregnancy and lactation.

Interaction

The administration of probenecid with Enoclox results in higher serum peak concentrations and prolongs the time that therapeutic concentrations of Enoclox are achieved in serum. Physical incompatibility and/or loss of activity of Enoclox in solution has been reported when given with gentamycin sulphate, streptomycin sulphate, vitamin mixtures. Enoclox should not be added to intravenous lipids, blood products and protein hydrolysates or other proteinaceous fluids.

Food Interaction

  • Take on an empty stomach.

Elimination Route

Bioavailability is 50–70% following oral administration.

Half Life

0.75–1 hour

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use

The use of Enoclox in pregnancy should be reserved for cases considered essential by the clinician. Use of the drug in the second and third trimesters may result in the sensitisation of the fetus. During lactation, trace quantities of penicillins can be detected in breast milk.

Contraindication

Enoclox is contraindicated for those who have hypersensitivity to penicillins.

Special Warning

Dose adjustment in renal impairment : As common with other penicillins, Enoclox usage in patients with renal impairment does not usually require dosage reduction. However, in the presence of severe renal failure (creatinine clearance < 10 ml/min) a reduction in dose or an extension of dose interval should be considered. Enoclox is not significantly removed by dialysis and hence no supplementary dosages need to be administered either during or at the end of the dialysis period.

Acute Overdose

Symptoms: Neurotoxicity (e.g. convulsions, encephalopathy), GI effects (e.g. nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea), blood disorders (e.g. neutropenia, haemolytic anaemia, prolongation of bleeding time, defective platelet function), electrolyte disturbances.

Management: Symptomatic treatment.

Storage Condition

Store below 25° C. Reconstituted solution: Store between 2-8°C.

Innovators Monograph

You find simplified version here Enoclox

Enoclox contains Flucloxacillin see full prescribing information from innovator Enoclox Monograph, Enoclox MSDS, Enoclox FDA label

FAQ

What is Enoclox used for?

Enoclox is an antibiotic used to treat skin infections, external ear infections, infections of leg ulcers, diabetic foot infections, and infection of bone. It may be used together with other medications to treat pneumonia, and endocarditis.

How safe is Enoclox?

It is normally very well tolerated but can be more likely than other antibiotics to cause heartburn. 

How does Enoclox work?

Enoclox works by interfering with the formation of the bacterial cell walls.

What are the common side effects of Enoclox?

The most common side effects are feeling sick (nausea) and diarrhoea. You can drink alcohol while taking Enoclox. You can take Enoclox during pregnancy or while you're breastfeeding.

Is Enoclox safe during pregnancy?

It is safe to take Enoclox during pregnancy.

Is Enoclox safe during breastfeeding?

It is safe to take Enoclox while breastfeeding. Information shows that only tiny amounts of Enoclox get into breast milk, which would not be expected to cause any side effects in your baby.

Can I drink alcohol with Enoclox?

Yes, you can drink alcohol while taking Enoclox.

How quickly does Enoclox take to work?

This means at least 30 to 60 minutes before a meal or snack, or at least 2 hours after. For most infections, you should start to feel better within a few days.

Can I take Enoclox on an empty stomach?

Enoclox is best taken on an empty stomach, one hour before eating food. This is because your body may absorb less Enoclox after a meal, making it less effective.

What is the half life of Enoclox?

The elimination half-life of Enoclox is in the order of 53 minutes.

How often can I take Enoclox?

The usual dose of Enoclox is 250mg to 500mg, taken 4 times a day.

Can I take Enoclox long term?

Keep taking Enoclox until you finish the pack, or for as long as your doctor recommends. Do not stop taking Enoclox, even if you feel better after a few days, unless advised by your doctor. Your infection may not clear completely if you stop taking your medicine too soon.

What happen If I stop taking Enoclox?

Do not stop taking Enoclox, even if you feel better after a few days, unless advised by your doctor. If you do not complete the full course prescribed by your doctor, the infection may not clear completely or your symptoms may return.

What happens if I miss a dose?

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. However, if it's almost time for your next dose, plan to skip the missed dose and take your next dose as scheduled. Never double up on a dose. If you'd like more information about an antibiotic you've been prescribed, talk with your doctor or pharmacist.

What happens if I overdose?

Symptoms of an overdose may include nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea. If you take too much (overdose) Immediately telephone your doctor or the Poisons Information Centre for advice, or go to Accident and Emergency at the nearest hospital, if you think that you or anyone else may have taken too much FLOPEN. Do this even if there are no signs of discomfort or poisoning.

Who should not take Enoclox?

You have pale poo with dark pee, and the whites of your eyes or skin turn yellow (this may be less obvious on black or brown skin) – this can be a sign of liver problems. you get bruising or discoloured skin. you have joint or muscle pain that starts happening after 2 days of taking the medicine.

Can Enoclox affect my kidneys?

Enoclox can injure the kidneys as well as the liver. Both interstitial nephritis and hepatitis are listed as very rare undesirable effects in the Enoclox data sheets.

Can Enoclox affects my liver?

Enoclox is now established as an important cause of cholestatic liver disease.

*** Taking medicines without doctor's advice can cause long-term problems.
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