Duro-Tuss Dry Cough plus Decongestant
Duro-Tuss Dry Cough plus Decongestant Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Pholcodine is an anti-tussive agent that acts primarily on the CNS, causing depression of the cough reflex. It has mild sedative effect with little or no analgesic action.
The therapeutic doses of pholcodine have been shown not to cause depression of respiration, CNS excitation or other side effects associated with narcotics. It is thought that the impact of pholcodine is selective on the cough center without affecting the respiratory center. Pholcodine is not euphorigenic, and thus, psychological dependence is unlikely. Clinical trials have not shown any evidence of addiction after prolonged administration of pholcodine. It is well reported that pholcodine presents a more considerable respiratory depression effect than codeine and it causes hypotension in the same degree than codeine. Some other noted impacts of pholcodine in preclinical trials are: 1) the induction of histamine release, 2) anti-histaminic effect, 3) anti-acetylcholinic action, 4) anti-convulsant action and 5) mild tranquilizing action.
| Trade Name | Duro-Tuss Dry Cough plus Decongestant |
| Generic | pseudoephedrine hydrochloride + pholcodine |
| Type | |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | Australia |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Pholcodine is used for a cough suppressant for the temporary relief of non-productive dry cough. It is stated to present a required label indication of "temporary relief of dry cough". Cough is the respiratory movement that occurs after an irritation signal is transmitted to the central nervous system and further stimulates the medulla oblongata. This stimulation causes a motor output that is sent through motoneurons to the respiratory muscles. A non-productive cough is a type of cough characterized by the absence of sputum, and it has a large inspiration that will cause continuous coughing.
Pseudoephedrine is a decongestant of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract, especially the nasal mucosa, sinuses and eustachian tube. It is indicated for the symptomatic relief of allergic rhinitis (hay fever), vasomotor rhinitis, the common cold, influenza (flu) and ear congestion caused by ear inflammation or infection. Pseudoephedrine can also be used as a bronchodilator.Duro-Tuss Dry Cough plus Decongestant is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Cough, Cough caused by Common Cold, Flu Like Symptom, Flu caused by Influenza, Irritative cough, Rhinorrhoea, Sinusitis, Sneezing, Throat irritation, Dry cough, Watery eyes
How Duro-Tuss Dry Cough plus Decongestant works
The mechanism of action of pholcodine is directly performed in the medulla oblongata. In this site, it exerts analgesic properties on the peripheric reflexogenic receptors. This site is commonly known as the "cough center."
Dosage
Duro-Tuss Dry Cough plus Decongestant dosage
Adult:
- Symptomatic relief of non-productive cough: 5-10 mg 3-4 times daily.
Child:
- 12-18 year: 5-10 mg 3-4 times daily.
- 6-12 year: 2-5 mg 3-4 times daily.
- Children under the age of 6 year:Not to be used
Side Effects
Dizziness, occasional drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, constipation, rash, sputum retention, excitation, confusion, ataxia.
Serious adverse effects associated with the use of Pseudoephedrine are rare. Symptoms of central nervous system excitation may occur, including sleep disturbances and, rarely, hallucinations have been reported. Skin rashes, with or without irritation, have occasionally been reported.Toxicity
Generally, pholcodine is significantly less toxic than codeine. Nonetheless, it is important to consider the significant depressive respiratory effect.
Precaution
Renal and/or hepatic impairment. Caution in patients with impaired respiratory function and asthma. May cause occasional drowsiness, caution when driving or operating machinery. Pregnancy and lactation.
Although Pseudoephedrine has virtually no pressor effects in normotensive patients, it should be used with caution in patients suffering mild to moderate hypertension. As with other sympathomimetic agents, Pseudoephedrine should be used with caution in patients with hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, hyperthyroidism, elevated intraocular pressure and prostatic enlargement. Caution should be exercised when using the product in the presence of severe hepatic impairment or moderate to severe renal impairment.Interaction
Not to be used with MAOI or within 14 days of stopping treatment. May enhance sedative effect of alcohol and other CNS depressants e.g. sedatives, hypnotics, barbiturates, narcotic analgesics, phenothiazines, tricyclic antidepressants. Hypotensive effect may be enhanced when used with antihypertensive agents and diuretics. Interaction with neuromuscular blocking agent has been reported.
Volume of Distribution
The reported volume of distribution depends on the pharmacokinetic model and it can be of 265L based on a one-compartment model to 3207L in a two-compartment model.
Elimination Route
After oral administration of 60 mg of pholcodine, the Tmax and Cmax are reported to be 1.3 hours and 26.3 ng/ml. In the same administration, the AUC in plasma and saliva are reported to be 1.67 and 6.61 mg h/l respectively. The absorption of pholcodine is reported to represent approximately 88% of the administered dose.
Half Life
After oral administration of 60 mg of pholcodine, the half-life in plasma, saliva and urine are 45, 55 and 45 hours respectively.
Clearance
After oral administration of 60 mg of pholcodine, the clearance rate was reported to be 126 ml/min.
Elimination Route
After oral administration of pholcodine, the serum concentration peaks and declines in a monoexponential manner. The percent of the dose excreted unchanged is of approximately 25-30%. Part of the administered dose is composed by metabolites that can be recovered in urine. From the administered dose, the fecal excretion corresponds to the 5% of the administered dose as unchanged pholcodine.
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use
Category not classified
Although Pseudoephedrine has been in widespread use for many years without apparent ill consequence, there are no specific data on its use during pregnancy. Caution should therefore be exercised by balancing the potential benefit of treatment to the mother against any possible hazards to the developing foetus. Pseudoephedrine is excreted in breast milk in small amounts but the effect of this on breast-fed infants is not known.Contraindication
Patients in, or at risk of developing respiratory failure. Chronic bronchitis, COPD, bronchiolitis, and bronchiectasis due to sputum retention. Concurrent or recent use (within preedicing 14 days) of MAOIs. Children <6 yr
Pseudoephedrine is contraindicated in- Hypersensitivity of individuals to this drug Severe hypertension and coronary artery disease Concurrent use of Mono Amine Oxidase Inhibitor (MAOI) drugsAcute Overdose
Symptoms: Drowsiness, nausea, restlessness, excitement, ataxia and respiratory depression.
Management: Provide symptomatic and supportive treatment. Maintain respiration; may use activated charcoal or gastric lavage to remove the ingested Pholcodine. In cases of severe overdosage, naloxone may be given to reverse the central and peripheral opioid effects.
As with other sympathomimetic agents, symptoms of overdosage include irritability, restlessness, tremor, convulsions, palpitations, hypertension and difficulty in micturition. Necessary measures should be taken to maintain and support respiration and control convulsions. Gastric lavage should be performed if indicated. If desired, the elimination of Pseudoephedrine can be accelerated by acid diuresis or by dialysis.Storage Condition
Store below 25° C.
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