Cefprozilum

Cefprozilum Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.

Cefprozilum is a semi synthetic, second generation cephalosporin antibiotic. Cefprozilum is active in vitro against both gram positive and gram negative bacteria. The bactericidal activity of cefprozil results from the inhibition of cell wall synthesis via affinity for penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs).

Cefprozilum inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to 1 or more of the penicillin binding proteins (PBPs) which in turn inhibit the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis in bacterial cell walls, thus inhibiting cell wall biosynthesis and arresting cell wall assembly resulting in bacterial cell death.

Cefprozilum, a semisynthetic, second-generation cephalosporin, is used to treat otitis media, soft-tissue infections, and respiratory tract infections.

Trade Name Cefprozilum
Availability Prescription only
Generic Cefprozil
Cefprozil Other Names Cefprozil, Cefprozilo, Cefprozilum
Related Drugs amoxicillin, prednisone, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin, cephalexin, metronidazole, azithromycin, clindamycin, ceftriaxone, levofloxacin
Type
Formula C18H19N3O5S
Weight Average: 389.426
Monoisotopic: 389.104541423
Protein binding

36%

Groups Approved
Therapeutic Class Second generation Cephalosporins
Manufacturer
Available Country
Last Updated: September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am
Cefprozilum
Cefprozilum

Uses

Cefprozilum is used for the treatment of patients with mild to moderate infections caused by susceptible strains. Infections include:

  • Lower respiratory tract infections: acute bronchitis, acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, community acquired pneumonia.
  • Upper respiratory tract and ear infections: otitis media, sinusitis, tonsillitis and pharyngitis.
  • Uncomplicated skin and soft tissue infections.

Cefprozilum is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Acute Bacterial Exacerbation of Chronic Bronchitis (ABECB), Bacterial Infections, Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP), Streptococcal Pharyngitis, Streptococcal tonsillitis, Urinary Tract Infection, Bacterial otitis media, Uncomplicated skin and subcutaneous tissue bacterial infections

How Cefprozilum works

Cefprozilum, like the penicillins, is a beta-lactam antibiotic. By binding to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located inside the bacterial cell wall, it inhibits the third and last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis. Cell lysis is then mediated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes such as autolysins; it is possible that cefprozil interferes with an autolysin inhibitor.

Dosage

Cefprozilum dosage

Adult: 500 mg daily as a single or in 2 divided doses, increased to 500 mg bid if necessary. Duration: 10 days.Child (6 month to 2 year):

  • For otitis media: 15 mg/kg 12 hrly.
  • For acute sinusitis: 7.5 mg/kg or 15 mg/kg 12 hrly.
  • For pharyngitis or tonsillitis: 7.5 mg/kg 12 hourly.

Child (>2 yr):

  • For skin and skin structure infections: 20 mg/kg daily. Max: 1 g daily.

Side Effects

Cefprozilum was usually well tolerated in controlled clinical trials. The most common adverse effects of cefprozil are diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, rash, urticaria, dizziness, hyperactivity, insomnia, confusion etc.

Toxicity

Single 5000 mg/kg oral doses of cefprozil caused no mortality or signs of toxicity in adult, weaning or neonatal rats, or adult mice. A single oral dose of 3000 mg/kg caused diarrhea and loss of appetite in cynomolgus monkeys, but no mortality.

Precaution

History of hypersensitivity to penicillins and GI disease esp colitis. Renal impairment. Pregnancy and lactation.

Interaction

May enhance the nephrotoxic effect of aminoglycosides. May enhance the anticoagulant effect of vit K antagonists. May diminish the therapeutic effect of BCG, typhoid vaccine and Na picosulfate. May increase serum concentrations w/ probenecid.

Food Interaction

  • Take with or without food. The absorption is unaffected by food.

Volume of Distribution

  • 0.23 L/kg

Elimination Route

Oral bioavailability is approximately 95%.

Half Life

1.3 hours

Clearance

  • 3 mL/min/kg [fasting subjects]

Pregnancy & Breastfeeding use

Pregnancy category B. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. This drug should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed. Small amounts of cefprozil (<0.3% of dose) have been detected in human milk following administration of a single 1 gram dose to lactating women. Caution should be exercised when cefprozil is administered to a nursing woman, since the effect of cefprozil on nursing infants is unknown.

Contraindication

Hypersensitivity to cephalosporin antibiotics.

Storage Condition

Store between 20-25°C. Reconstituted powder for suspension: Store between 2-8°C.

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*** Taking medicines without doctor's advice can cause long-term problems.
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