Apraclonidinum
Apraclonidinum Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
Apraclonidinum, also known as iopidine, is a sympathomimetic used in glaucoma therapy. It is an alpha2-adrenergic agonist.
Apraclonidinum significantly lowers intraocular pressure with minimal effects on cardiovascular and pulmonary parameters. It lowers intraocular pressure by reducing aqueous humor production and increasing uveoscleral outflow.
| Trade Name | Apraclonidinum |
| Generic | Apraclonidine |
| Apraclonidine Other Names | 4-Aminoclonidine, Apraclonidina, Apraclonidine, Apraclonidinum |
| Type | |
| Formula | C9H10Cl2N4 |
| Weight | Average: 245.109 Monoisotopic: 244.028251754 |
| Protein binding | 98.7% |
| Groups | Approved |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
Apraclonidinum is an alpha adrenergic agonist used to treat raised intraocular pressure.
For prevention or reduction of intraoperative and postoperative increases in intraocular pressure (IOP) before and after ocular laser surgery when used prophylactically. Also used as a short-term adjunctive therapy in patients with open-angle glaucoma who are on maximally tolerated medical therapy requiring additional IOP reduction.
Apraclonidinum is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Ocular Hypertension, Postsurgical ocular hypertension
How Apraclonidinum works
Apraclonidinum is a relatively selective alpha2 adrenergic receptor agonist that stimulates alpha1 receptors to a lesser extent. It has a peak ocular hypotensive effect occurring at two hours post-dosing. The exact mechanism of action is unknown, but fluorophotometric studies in animals and humans suggest that Apraclonidinum has a dual mechanism of action by reducing aqueous humor production through the constriction of afferent ciliary process vessels, and increasing uveoscleral outflow.
Toxicity
Accidental or intentional ingestion of oral apraclonidine has been reported to cause apnea, arrhythmias, asthenia, bradycardia, conduction defects, diminished or absent reflexes, dryness of the mouth, hypotension, hypothermia, hypoventilation, irritability, lethargy, miosis, pallor, respiratory depression, sedation or coma, seizure, somnolence, transient hypertension, and vomiting.
Food Interaction
No interactions found.Elimination Route
Topical use of apraclonidine ophthalmic solution leads to systemic absorption. Studies of apraclonidine (0.5% ophthalmic solution) dosed one drop three times a day in both eyes for 10 days in normal volunteers yielded mean peak and trough concentrations of 0.9 ng/mL and 0.5 ng/mL, respectively.
Half Life
8 hours
Innovators Monograph
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