Alfentanilum

Alfentanilum Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.

A short-acting opioid anesthetic and analgesic derivative of fentanyl. It produces an early peak analgesic effect and fast recovery of consciousness. Alfentanilum is effective as an anesthetic during surgery, for supplementation of analgesia during surgical procedures, and as an analgesic for critically ill patients.

Alfentanilum is a synthetic opioid analgesic. Alfentanilum interacts predominately with the opioid mu-receptor. These mu-binding sites are discretely distributed in the human brain, spinal cord, and other tissues. In clinical settings, alfentanil exerts its principal pharmacologic effects on the central nervous system. Its primary actions of therapeutic value are analgesia and sedation. Alfentanilum may increase the patient's tolerance for pain and decrease the perception of suffering, although the presence of the pain itself may still be recognized. In addition to analgesia, alterations in mood, euphoria and dysphoria, and drowsiness commonly occur. Alfentanilum depresses the respiratory centers, depresses the cough reflex, and constricts the pupils.

Trade Name Alfentanilum
Availability Prescription only
Generic Alfentanil
Alfentanil Other Names Alfentanil, Alfentanilo, Alfentanilum, Alfentanyl
Related Drugs Buprenex, aspirin, acetaminophen, tramadol, naproxen, Tylenol, oxycodone, fentanyl, lidocaine, ketamine
Type
Formula C21H32N6O3
Weight Average: 416.5172
Monoisotopic: 416.25358892
Protein binding

92%

Groups Approved, Illicit
Therapeutic Class
Manufacturer
Available Country
Last Updated: September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am
Alfentanilum
Alfentanilum

Uses

Alfentanilum is an opioid agonist used to induce and maintain anesthesia, as well as an analgesic.

For the management of postoperative pain and the maintenance of general anesthesia.

Alfentanilum is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: General Anesthesia, Induction of anesthesia therapy, Maintenance of anesthesia therapy, Monitored anesthesia care sedation, Perioperative analgesia

How Alfentanilum works

Opiate receptors are coupled with G-protein receptors and function as both positive and negative regulators of synaptic transmission via G-proteins that activate effector proteins. Binding of the opiate stimulates the exchange of GTP for GDP on the G-protein complex. As the effector system is adenylate cyclase and cAMP located at the inner surface of the plasma membrane, opioids decrease intracellular cAMP by inhibiting adenylate cyclase. Subsequently, the release of nociceptive neurotransmitters such as substance P, GABA, dopamine, acetylcholine and noradrenaline is inhibited. Opioids also inhibit the release of vasopressin, somatostatin, insulin and glucagon. Alfentanilum's analgesic activity is, most likely, due to its conversion to morphine. Opioids close N-type voltage-operated calcium channels (OP2-receptor agonist) and open calcium-dependent inwardly rectifying potassium channels (OP3 and OP1 receptor agonist). This results in hyperpolarization and reduced neuronal excitability.

Toxicity

Symptoms of overexposure include characteristic rigidity of the skeletal muscles, cardiac and respiratory depression, and narrowing of the pupils.

Food Interaction

No interactions found.

Alfentanilum Alcohol interaction

[Moderate] GENERALLY AVOID:

Ethanol may potentiate the central nervous system (CNS) depressant effects of opioid analgesics.

Concomitant use may result in additive CNS depression and impairment of judgment, thinking, and psychomotor skills.

In more severe cases, hypotension, respiratory depression, profound sedation, coma, or even death may occur.

Concomitant use of opioid analgesics with ethanol should be avoided.

Volume of Distribution

  • 0.4 to 1 L/kg

Elimination Route

For intravenous injection or infusion only.

Half Life

90-111 minutes

Clearance

  • 5 mL/kg/min

Elimination Route

Only 1.0% of the dose is excreted as unchanged drug; urinary excretion is the major route of elimination of metabolites.

Innovators Monograph

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*** Taking medicines without doctor's advice can cause long-term problems.
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