A-Ketopropionic Acid

A-Ketopropionic Acid Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.

An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed)

A-Ketopropionic Acid or pyruvate is a key intermediate in the glycolytic and pyruvate dehydrogenase pathways, which are involved in biological energy production. Pyruvate is widely found in living organisms. It is not an essential nutrient since it can be synthesized in the cells of the body. Certain fruits and vegetables are rich in pyruvate. For example, an average-size red apple contains approximately 450 milligrams. Dark beer and red wine are also rich sources of pyruvate. Recent research suggests that pyruvate in high concentrations may have a role in cardiovascular therapy, as an inotropic agent. Supplements of this dietary substance may also have bariatric and ergogenic applications.

Trade Name A-Ketopropionic Acid
Generic Pyruvic acid
Pyruvic acid Other Names 2-ketopropionic acid, 2-oxopropanoic acid, 2-Oxopropansäure, 2-Oxopropionsäure, a-Ketopropionic acid, Acetylformic acid, acide pyruvique, alpha-ketopropionic acid, Brenztraubensäure, Pyroracemic acid, α-Oxopropionsäure
Type
Formula C3H4O3
Weight Average: 88.0621
Monoisotopic: 88.016043994
Groups Approved, Investigational, Nutraceutical
Therapeutic Class
Manufacturer
Available Country
Last Updated: September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am
A-Ketopropionic Acid
A-Ketopropionic Acid

Uses

A-Ketopropionic Acid is an ingredient of a blood cell processing solution used to rejuvenate a unit of red blood cells (RBC) in preparation for transfusion.

For nutritional supplementation, also for treating dietary shortage or imbalance

A-Ketopropionic Acid is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Red blood cell rejuvination

How A-Ketopropionic Acid works

Pyruvate serves as a biological fuel by being converted to acetyl coenzyme A, which enters the tricarboxylic acid or Krebs cycle where it is metabolized to produce ATP aerobically. Energy can also be obtained anaerobically from pyruvate via its conversion to lactate. Pyruvate injections or perfusions increase contractile function of hearts when metabolizing glucose or fatty acids. This inotropic effect is striking in hearts stunned by ischemia/reperfusion. The inotropic effect of pyruvate requires intracoronary infusion. Among possible mechanisms for this effect are increased generation of ATP and an increase in ATP phosphorylation potential. Another is activation of pyruvate dehydrogenase, promoting its own oxidation by inhibiting pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase. Pyruvate dehydrogenase is inactivated in ischemia myocardium. Yet another is reduction of cytosolic inorganic phosphate concentration. Pyruvate, as an antioxidant, is known to scavenge such reactive oxygen species as hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxides. Indirectly, supraphysiological levels of pyruvate may increase cellular reduced glutathione.

Toxicity

Those taking large doses of supplemental pyruvate—usually greater than 5 grams daily—have reported gastrointestinal symptoms, including abdominal discomfort and bloating, gas and diarrhea. One child receiving pyruvate intravenously for restrictive cardiomyopathy died.

Food Interaction

No interactions found.

Elimination Route

Pyruvate is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract from whence it is transported to the liver via the portal circulation.

Innovators Monograph

You find simplified version here A-Ketopropionic Acid

http://classyfire.wishartlab.com/tax_nodes/C0000000
http://classyfire.wishartlab.com/tax_nodes/C0000264
http://classyfire.wishartlab.com/tax_nodes/C0000389
http://classyfire.wishartlab.com/tax_nodes/C0001113
http://classyfire.wishartlab.com/tax_nodes/C0001113
http://classyfire.wishartlab.com/tax_nodes/C0002912
http://classyfire.wishartlab.com/tax_nodes/C0001137
http://classyfire.wishartlab.com/tax_nodes/C0001205
http://classyfire.wishartlab.com/tax_nodes/C0003940
http://classyfire.wishartlab.com/tax_nodes/C0004150
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https://mor.nlm.nih.gov/RxNav/search?searchBy=RXCUI&searchTerm=35161
https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=32816
https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembldb/index.php/compound/inspect/CHEMBL1162144
https://zinc.docking.org/substances/ZINC000001532517
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http://www.pdrhealth.com/drug_info/nmdrugprofiles/nutsupdrugs/pyr_0218.shtml
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyruvic_acid
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