17-ethinylestradiol
17-ethinylestradiol Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, Food Interaction and all others data.
17-ethinylestradiol was first synthesized in 1938 by Hans Herloff Inhoffen and Walter Hohlweg at Schering. It was developed in an effort to create an estrogen with greater oral bioavailability. These properties were achieved by the substitution of an ethinyl group at carbon 17 of estradiol. 17-ethinylestradiol soon replaced mestranol in contraceptive pills.
17-ethinylestradiol was granted FDA approval on 25 June 1943.
17-ethinylestradiol is a synthetic estrogen that decreases luteinizing hormone to decrease endometrial vascularization, and decreases gonadotrophic hormone to prevent ovulation. It has a long duration of action as it is taken once daily, and a wide therapeutic index as overdoses are generally not associated with serious adverse effects. Patients should be counselled regarding the risks of thrombotic events.
| Trade Name | 17-ethinylestradiol |
| Generic | Ethinylestradiol |
| Ethinylestradiol Other Names | 17-ethinylestradiol, 17alpha-Ethinyl estradiol, Ethinyl estradiol, Ethinylestradiol, Ethinylestradiolum, Ethinyloestradiol, Ethynyl estradiol, Etinilestradiol |
| Type | |
| Formula | C20H24O2 |
| Weight | Average: 296.4034 Monoisotopic: 296.177630012 |
| Protein binding | Enthinylestradiol is 98.3-98.5% bound to albumin in serum but also exhibits binding to sex hormone binding globulin. |
| Groups | Approved |
| Therapeutic Class | |
| Manufacturer | |
| Available Country | |
| Last Updated: | September 19, 2023 at 7:00 am |
Uses
17-ethinylestradiol is an estradiol used as a contraceptive.
17-ethinylestradiol is combined with other drugs for use as a contraceptive, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, moderate acne, moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms of menopause, prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
17-ethinylestradiol is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: Menopausal Osteoporosis, Mild to Moderate Acne, Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder ( PMDD), Moderate Acne vulgaris, Moderate, severe, Vasomotor Symptoms caused by Menopause, Contraception, Folate supplementation therapy
How 17-ethinylestradiol works
17-ethinylestradiol is a synthetic estrogenic compound. Use of estrogens have a number of effects on the body including reduced bone density. Combined oral contraceptives suppress ovulation by suppressing gonadotrophic hormone, thickening cervical mucus to prevent the travel of sperm, and preventing changes in the endometrium required for implantation of a fertilized egg. 17-ethinylestradiol decreases luteinizing hormone, decreasing vascularity in the endometrium. It also increases sex hormone binding globulin.
Toxicity
Female patients experiencing and overdose may present with withdrawal bleeding, nausea, vomiting, breast tenderness, abdominal pain, drowsiness, and fatigue. Overdose should be treated with symptomatic and supportive care including monitoring for potassium concentrations, sodium concentrations, and signs of metabolic acidosis.
Food Interaction
- Avoid St. John's Wort. St. John's Wort may decrease the effectiveness of ethinylestradiol.
Volume of Distribution
A 30µg oral dose has an apparent volume of distribution of 625.3±228.7L and a 1.2mg topical dose has an apparent volume of distribution of 11745.3±15934.8L.
Elimination Route
A 30µg oral dose of ethinylestradiol reaches a Cmax of 74.1±35.6pg/mL, with a Tmax of 1.5±0.5h, and an AUC of 487.4±166.6pg*h/mL. A 1.2mg dose delivered via a patch reaches a Cmax of 28.8±10.3pg/mL, with a Tmax of 86±31h, and an AUC of3895±1423pg*h/mL.
Half Life
A 30µg oral dose has a half life of 8.4±4.8h and a 1.2mg topical dose has a half life of 27.7±34.2h.
Clearance
17-ethinylestradiol has an intravenous clearance of 16.47L/h, and an estimated renal clearance of approximately 2.1L/h. A 30µg oral dose has a clearance of 58.0±19.8L/h and a 1.2mg topical dose has a clearance of 303.5±100.5L/h.
Elimination Route
17-ethinylestradiol is 59.2% eliminated in the urine and bile, while 2-3% is eliminated in the feces. Over 90% of ethinylestradiol is eliminated as the unchanged parent drug.
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